Monday, June 30, 2008

New Diamond Handbook Now Available


AUD$24.50 GST Inclusive

Packed with close-up photos, this new full-color guide shows you how to judge diamonds on the basis of how they look, rather than just on how they're graded.
The Diamond Handbook is a comprehensive guide to evaluating and identifying diamonds, which is aimed at trade professionals, gemology students, serious diamond buyers, and people who want more diamond evaluation information than they can get on the Internet.
Besides providing in-depth information on diamond grading, it compares the new cut grading systems and diamond light performance reports of various gem laboratories.
It also discusses and illustrates new diamond treatments and lab-grown diamonds.
An entire chapter is devoted to the recutting of diamonds, and another chapter covers the history of diamond cuts and illustrates antique and estate diamond jewelry styles.
The first chapter gives a brief overview of diamond formation, sources, diamond properties, lighting and diamond examination techniques.
Chapters on fancy-colored diamonds, fluorescence, branded diamonds and diamond grading reports are also included.
****
Reviews:

"Gives the trade reader virtually all the essential information needed to buy and sell diamonds.
The book is an advance of the same author’s Diamond Ring Buying Guide (6th edition, 2002).
"The text covers everything the buyer needs to know, with useful comments on lighting and first-class images. At all relevant points the author gives an up-to-date list of references.
"No other text in current circulation discusses re-cutting and its possible effects, and the author’s discussion of the new topic of branded diamonds conveniently brings together a number of examples of particular cuts peculiar to different firms. . . . Brief and useful notes describe the present position of synthetic gem diamond and treated diamond. Rip-offs are soberly described and sensation avoided. This is a must for anyone buying testing or valuing a polished diamond and for students in many fields."
Journal of Gemmology

"The Diamond Handbook covers all aspects of diamond evaluation. All of the material is presented in a very readable and intuitively structured format. The photographs are of high quality and provide good illustrations of the information that is covered. The tables are excellent. and provide a concise, at-a-glance overview of some of the things I find myself having to look up on occasion, e.g. cause of color in natural fancy colored diamonds. At 186 pages, the Diamond Handbook is a very manageable size and the quality of the publication recommends it as a ‘ready reference’ and a pleasure to read.

"I believe that the Diamond Handbook would be a valuable addition to any appraiser’s bookshelf. Its compact size and clear layout make it perfect to grab for a quick reference during an appraisal, and its readability makes it accessible to the layperson. I can easily see pulling it off the shelf to help illustrate an explanation to a client or customer, or to use one of the fine photographs as an example of a particular inclusion. At only AUD$24.50, I think the Diamond Handbook is too well priced to pass up."
Jewelry Appraiser

"Impressively comprehensive. . . . a practical, well-organized and concisely written volume, packed with valuable information. . . . Newman familiarizes us with some diamond-district jargon and supplies us with a survival kit for our journey into the jewellery jungle. And of course, she walks us through the 4 Cs. In fact, Newman has given us a fifth C: Cut quality. She explains the importance of proportions and finish to the brilliance, fire and overall beauty of a diamond, and how these factors can affect the price of a stone by as much as 50%.

"As a facetor, I am always pleased to see the critical importance of good cutting not only acknowledged but emphasized. In this respect, Newman has made me very happy. She covers the history of diamond cuts and cutting styles, and even devotes an entire chapter to the re-cutting of diamonds (information I have not seen elsewhere) and how the cutter works his magic. Even more valuable, however, are two chapters about how to judge the cut of fancy shapes and round brilliants. Here the reader learns about the consequences of bad cutting (bow ties, windows, fisheyes and nailheads) and how to recognize them. The "anatomy" and proper proportions of a round brilliant are discussed in detail, along with symmetry and polish.

In addition to his fifth C, we are also given two T’s: transparency and Treatment status. Newman feels that these three factors, taken in conjunction with the traditional 4 C’s, supply us with a more complete and reliable set of pricing parameters. I agree. In particular, transparency (and its relation to clarity) has been little understood and seldom addressed in most popular publications.

"The Diamond Handbook, is subtitled How to Look at Diamonds & Avoid Ripoffs. This phrase neatly summarizes a major theme of the book–a theme that is both sound and refreshing. Learn to use your own eyes when judging a diamond! Don’t rely overly much on lab reports. Get to know what you like (and dislike) in a diamond. Discover your own sense of beauty. She reminds us that we are buying a gemstones and not a lab report: "We need to strike a balance between using our hearts and our minds. We also should realize that our opinion of a diamond is just as important as that of a gem laboratory." Just do your homework, compare, and know what you are paying for.

"As you have probably gathered by now, I like this book a great deal. . . .The Diamond Handbook is destined to become an indispensable reference for the consumer and trade professional alike."
Canadian Gemmologist

"This is a new book that aims to update the diamond buyer’s knowledge of what has happened to diamonds, diamond set jewellery, and the diamond industry over the last decade or so . . . Those readers familiar with previous editions of the author’s Diamond ring buying guide will note the addition of useful information on antique cuts, recutting, diamond gracing reports, and appraisals to this book. In addition the chapters covering fluorescence, synthetic diamonds and fancy cuts have been updated.

"As this reviewer has become accustomed to, the text of this book is accurate, clear and very consumer oriented. That is not to say the gemmologist will not learn quite a lot by carefully reading and considering the oft very thoughtful arguments presented by the author. In summary, Diamond handbook is a useful addition to both the popular and gemmological literature."
Australian Gemmologist

How the Diamond Handbook differs
from the Diamond Ring Buying Guide

Most of the photos and explanations of diamond quality are different, and there are more photos illustrating diamond cut and clarity.

There’s a chapter on diamond grading certificates and reports.

A chapter on antique cuts and jewelry discusses the history of diamond cuts and describes the various jewelry periods, using photo examples of diamond jewelry.

There’s an entire chapter on diamond fluorescence.

The chapter on synthetic diamonds describes the new lab-grown diamonds and explains how fluorescence can be used to distinguish them from natural mined diamonds as well as other identification techniques. It also explains the characteristics of types 1a & b and types 2a & b diamonds.

A chapter on fancy colored diamonds has been included.

It compares the new cut grading systems and diamond light performance reports of various gem laboratories.

Diamond recutting is discussed, and before and after photos are provided

A chapter on branded diamonds shows and describes many of the branded fancy shape diamonds on the market.

The discussion of cut quality has been divided into two chapters, one that focuses on judging the brilliance of fancy-shaped diamonds and another that discusses how to evaluate the pavilion, crown, table, girdle, culet, symmetry and polish of round diamonds.

A glossary is included.

Overall, the Diamond Handbook is more advanced and has more in-depth information on diamond evaluation than the Diamond Ring Buying Guide.
***
Diamond Imports


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DIAMOND GRADING

The history and development of the International Diamond Council
By Dieter Hahn, WFDB Treasurer-General

As the only IDC veteran to have stayed with the organization since its founding in 1975, I feel it would be useful to provide a short summary of its origin and development to shed some light on the situation in our sector today.


In the late 1960s and early 1970s, there was an explosion in the numbers of private gem labs grading diamonds, and every one of these institutions was claiming that its standards were the best and its results the most professional.

Thus, the WFDB and the IDMA felt that the time had come to take matters into their own hands.

During the World Diamond Congress in Amsterdam in 1975, a joint committee of the two organizations was set up and charged with working out a reliable and serious “guideline for grading polished diamonds.” Experienced diamond cutters and dealers from Amsterdam, Antwerp, Idar-Oberstein, Johannesburg and Tel Aviv were chosen to serve.


The Joint Committee, which later became known as the International Diamond Council (IDC), presented its recommendations to the World Diamond Congress in Tel Aviv in 1978, which unanimously accepted them. Unfortunately, our U.S. colleagues withdraw their approval in 1980, changing it to an abstention.


Nevertheless, there were three leading gem labs—Antwerp’s HRD first and foremost, but also the Johannesburg-based Jewellery Council of South Africa and Idar-Oberstein’s Diamant Prüflabor (DPL)—that had done all the gemmological research required to develop the IDC standards, and naturally agreed to abide by them, which they do to this day.

Thus, at present the HRD and the DPL are the only labs that are accredited under the ISO standards for quality management in grading polished diamonds.


The IDC standards were published in the “Blue Book,” which was revised slightly in 1995 and reissued. The changes were accepted by the WFDB and the IDMA.

At the Presidents Meeting in Mumbai last November, the IDC presented an updated study of definitions and nomenclature. Once again, both the IDMA and the WFDB accepted the IDC’s draft document, with the significant difference that the IDMA voted in favour of certifying synthetic stones, whereas the WFDB refused to do so.


At present the IDC is looking into current systems for grading cut proportions, and other possible small improvements for the “Blue Book.” After these studies are concluded, the results will be presented for approval at the next World Diamond Congress.


The current members of the IDC are:
• Edward Asscher, Amsterdam, Chairman
• Peter Borgmans (HRD), Antwerp
• Julien Drijboms, Antwerp
• Stephane Fischler, Antwerp
• Dieter Hahn, Idar-Oberstein
• Willy Katz, Antwerp
• Les Milner, Jewellery Council of South Africa, Johannesburg
• Jochen Müller, Idar-Oberstein
• Shmuel Schnitzer, Tel Aviv (President, WFDB)

NEWSLETTER, Edition 14, June 2006 Page 8 World Federation of Diamond Bourses

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Ads4Israel

Millions of Israel supporters around the world complain about "Israel PR". Why is our image so bad, they ask? Why is Israel one of the most misunderstood countries in the world?

We don't pretend that improving Israel's image is an easy or simple task. It’s a deep problem with deep roots. No one should ever claim that they can "fix" it.

What we can do, however, is share some important news about Israel with the world.

Most people are not aware of Israel’s many contributions to the world, in areas such as combating disease, protecting the environment, developing alternative energy, fighting worldwide hunger, creating life-changing technologies, and so on.

Ads4Israel is a non-profit organization dedicated exclusively to producing and running ads in the mainstream media to promote Israel’s many gifts to the world.

Every dollar we raise is used to run these ads. The ads run in mainstream newspapers and T.V. stations of major markets, helping to reach tens of millions of people with powerful statements about Israel’s value to the world.

Founded by ad executive and community leader David Suissa, Ads4Israel is a chance for every supporter of Israel to help elevate the image of the country they love.

THE SCANNERS THAT CHANGED THE WAY THE WORLD SHOPS The software for bar code scanners used in stores all over the world was developed by a company in Israel. For more information, click here.

THE FIRST NON-RADIATION, COMPUTER-AIDED DIAGNOSIS FOR BREAST CANCER Israeli scientists have been pioneers in breast cancer research, developing fully computerized, non-radiation diagnostic instrumentation for early detection and treatment of the disease. For more information, click here.

STEM CELL THERAPY TO TREAT PARKINSON’S DISEASE Israeli researchers have developed a novel stem cell therapy to treat Parkinson ’s that enables restoration of motor movement.For more information, click here.

REVOLUTIONARY CANCER-FIGHTING MOLECULES Israeli researchers are at the forefront of cancer research, generating molecules that aggressively target and attack cancerous cells.For more information, click here.

AN INNOVATION THAT HAS REVOLUTIONIZED THE AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY Israeli engineers developed drip irrigation, a system that releases small amounts of water next to crops and plants. For more information, click here.

A PROJECT THAT HELPS CHILDREN IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES WITH CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS Every year, the project “Save a Child’s Heart” sends an Israeli surgical team to help children in developing countries. For more information, click here.

A COMPUTERIZED SYSTEM FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF MEDICATIONS An Israeli company has developed a breakthrough computerized system to ensure that medications are administered properly.For more information, click here.

A NEW BRAIN IMPLANT THAT CAN LOWER THE RISK OF STROKE Researchers in Israel have developed a brain implant that diverts blood clots away from sensitive areas of the brain.For more information, click here.

***

Diamond Imports


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METALEX SAYS COLOURED DIAMONDS PREDOMINATE IN MORI DRILL CORE


Metalex Ventures Ltd., in conjunction with its joint venture partners Dianor Resources Inc. and Mori Diamonds Inc., says that 52.4 percent of the 5,216 diamonds recovered from 13 drill holes drilled on the Mori joint venture properties, located 3 kilometers north east and north west of the Leadbetter Diamond Property in the Wawa area of Ontario were coloured diamonds.

The coloured diamonds range from brown (26.8 percent), grey (14.0 percent), yellow (5.5 percent), green (5.1 percent), orange (0.8 percent), purple (0.1 percent), amber (0.1 percent) and black (0.1 percent). One pink diamond was also recovered. The ten largest diamonds recovered were commercial sized (+0.85mm) coloured stones (8 brown, 1 yellow and 1 grey) that range in weight from 1.0583 to 2.6327 milligrams. Natural fancy coloured diamonds are very rare and expensive with orange and purple amongst the rarest and most desirable colours. The coloured diamonds recovered ranged in size from 0.075 to 1.32mm and were present on all screen sieve sizes from +75 to +850 microns.

Furthermore, the colour characteristics of the diamonds recovered from the drill core on the Mori East block consist of 47.6 percent white stones and 52.4 percent coloured diamonds. The percentage of white to coloured diamonds was consistent in each of the drill holes with little variation between the holes. Minor variations occurred between the percentages of each colour in different drill holes but overall the following order of abundance was found brown greater than grey greater than yellow greater than green greater than other colours (orange, purple, amber, black, pink).

Dr. Charles Fipke, an internationally recognized diamond geologist, is the Chairman of Metalex. The management of Metalex is very pleased and pleasantly surprised with the abundance of coloured stones, variety and size recovered from NQ drill cores. The drilling results to date are promising with diamond counts continuing to average a promising one diamond per kilogram in a continuous diamondiferous conglomerate. The presence of rare coloured diamonds is believed to be the first such occurrence in Ontario and in conjunction with Metalex’s recent discovery of rare coloured diamonds in a similar geological setting in Quebec marks a new geological target for coloured diamonds. Source: Diamond Intelligence Briefs 29th June 2008

***

Diamond Imports

Kiss Her With A Diamond


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Today in History 30th June

1997 Britain hands Hong Kong back to China when the original 99 year lease expires.

1981 A youth fires a blank pistol at Queen Elizabth II during the Trooping of the Colour ceremony in London.

1974 Soviet born ballet dancer Mikhail Baryshnikov defects while touring Canada with the Bolshoi Ballet

DTC GATHERS LEADERS TOGETHER IN SOUTH AFRICA


The Diamond Trading Company (DTC), the distribution arm of the De Beers Family Of Companies, has celebrated the conclusion of a successful three-day Leaders in Africa Summit during which leaders from the DTC, Africa and client businesses met to mark the start of a new 3 year contract and partnership between the DTC and its 78 clients.

The summit’s mission was to bring leaders to where the roots of the company lay, in the African soil, and to expose them to innovative approaches and thought leadership to serve as the catalyst for change and prosperity in the diamond industry.

The topics covered at the conference ranged from the latest economic and political developments in South Africa, Botswana and Namibia to the latest trends in technology and economics. Topics discussed contributed to the vast knowledge and expertise that is characteristic of the DTC’s partners. Speakers included Russell Simmons, who spoke about the role individuals have in supporting humanitarian causes to positively impact the lives of others. His Excellency, Former President of the Republic of Botswana, Festus Mogae, spoke about the opportunities for foreign investment in Botswana and the importance of a cohesive partnership between the public and private sector to ensure a prosperous Africa.

“To maintain our position as the worlds’ most effective distributor of rough diamonds it is important that we recognize and learn about the enormous opportunities that southern Africa offers to our clients. We hope that by hosting this event, for our clients and partners, that it demonstrates our commitment to this region as we move towards a more sustainable economy through beneficiation of diamonds. To salute the region by bringing the World’s leading diamantaires to Southern Africa to experience, at first hand, our commitment and their commitment to the industry and the region is part of the leadership that we wish to nurture,” says Varda Shine, Managing Director of DTC.

“I believe passionately that the private sector is not just helpful but is an essential ingredient, together with good governance and the rule of law, to the building of a prosperous Africa. But it’s not just doing business that will make the difference, but how you do business that is the key,” adds Gareth Penny, Managing Director of De Beers.

The key to a prosperous Africa lays in the approaches to building sustainable economy. Fostering economic development rather than giving aid has proven to be the key to achieve economic growth. Diamonds will continue to play an important role in the future of southern Africa. Good governance and transparency are the key elements for a successful economy and democracy and we believe that diamonds contributed to the transparency of government and business,” notes Nicky Oppenheimer, Chairman of the De Beers Group.

The DTC’s Leaders in Africa had the opportunity to visit the Venetia mine, where they learnt and experienced, first hand, the intricate operations of a diamond mine and were able to see the infrastructure that ensures the diamonds mined during this visit will appear in their boxes in 3 Sights time.

“To understand what nature has put in the ground gives you an idea of the extraordinary worth of a diamond. Only then one can understand the value of a diamond,” explains Johnny Velloza, Venetia Mine Manager.

To address the environmental impact of the attendee’s carbon footprint, as they traveled to South Africa, the DTC partnered with Food & Trees for Africa to voluntarily offset the carbon footprint. As a result, 320 trees were planted in the area of Venetia. The DTC is committed to the highest standards of environmental care and protection and this business practice forms part of the core of being a responsible corporate citizen. Source: Diamond Intelligence Briefs 29th June 2008.

Additional Reading :

Creative Capitalism: De Beers Role in Africa

Africa: The Bear And the Dragon

South Africa's Diamonds Loss of Influence

The Three Industry Wild Cards

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The largest diamond mine in South Africa, Venetia Diamond Mine, South Africa

This is the largest diamond mine in South Africa, located 80km from Messina, northern South Africa.

The world's biggest syndicate De Beers owns the mine.

The mine was opened in 1990, started production in 1993 and produced 4.5M ct diamonds in 1998.

12 kimberlite pipes are famous in the area around Venetia.

Two of them are used for mining now.

Down to 400m underground is mined by open pit, but plans to shift to underground mining in the future.

Outside the open pit, double walls and private airport can be observed in the image.

***

Diamond Imports

Diamonds of Excellence


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Today in History 30th June

1934 In Germany, the 'Night of the Long Knives' when several hundred members of the SA and other senior members of the Nazi Party are killed by the SS on the orders of Adolf Hitler for allegedly being involved in a plot to assassinate him.

1859 Tightrope walker Blondin crosses Niagra Falls from the United States into Canada in eight minutes - walking across a 1,100 foot rope suspended 160 feet above the water

Sunday, June 29, 2008

Toilet find: Diamonds in the rough

Cameron Delande holds one of the diamond rings he found in a toilet.
He’s with Mary Trainor, whose mom lost the ring.
Cape Cod Times/Steve Heaslip
***
CHATHAM — Plunging one's hand into a toilet can rarely be called a rewarding experience.
*
But when 10-year-old Cameron Delande of Chatham donned a rubber glove and went in after his toothbrush last week, he found two diamond rings.
*
At first no one believed him, admitted Cameron's father, Bill, a Chatham firefighter.
*
Then he saw the battered bling in his son's wet hand. The bands were black, and the stones were brown.

But once cleaned, a jewelry appraiser confirmed that the four stones on the two rings amounted to well over one carat.

They are real and the appraiser told Delande the solitaire may be 100 years old, while the three-diamond dinner ring was made in the 1920s or 1930s, Delande said.

The appraiser did not estimate the value.

After a cleaning, the platinum bands and the diamonds look nearly good as new.

"It's just bizarre," Delande said. "I've snaked that toilet so many times. When you have four kids, things get stuck in there, believe me."

Taking this as an opportunity to show his children the rewards of a good deed, Delande decided he would try to find the owner.

He contacted his real estate agent, who sold him the house on Tanglewood Drive two years ago.

The agent gave Delande the former owner's name: Mary Trainor. He told Delande she worked at Starbucks.

So Delande visited the coffee bar in Harwich. But she had just left work.

He called information and soon found himself leaving a long message for Trainor, who still lives in Chatham.

When Trainor, who was screening her calls, heard Delande say, "I think I found something you'd be very interested in," she picked up the phone.

Her first words stunned him.

She said, "Please tell me you found the diamond rings."

After his affirmative response, Delande said, "She was pretty much speechless."

She eventually told Delande that her mother, Mary Fallon, had been cleaning the rings and left them on a piece of toilet paper to dry. But then, when she finished cleaning the bathroom, she accidentally tossed the piece of paper in the toilet and flushed.That was 12 years ago.

"It was really sad when she lost them," Trainor said.

"My dad had just recently passed away, so she was heart-broken."

Trainor and her brother searched the toilet. But their adult appendages reached nothing.

Her mother died five years ago, at 83. Before they sold the house, Trainor and her brother took the toilet off the floor to redo the bathroom.

Yet the rings remained in the toilet untouched by snaking implements or the force of flushing over a dozen years.

"I cannot believe that it didn't end up in the septic system, and I've been a plumber for 30 years," said Wellfleet plumber Paul Dinsmore.

Dinsmore's pulled plastic toys, dentures, eye glasses and more from toilets.

Once, he retrieved a glass bottle of perfume only to have it break on him.

The fact is, stuff can get stuck in the water trap, which is the part of the toilet that helps keep water in the bowl, Dinsmore said. Apparently, the rings got caught in the porcelain matrix and stayed put for years.

"It's a one-in-a-zillion thing, but it's possible," Dinsmore said.

"You did a wonderful thing," Trainor told the Delande family. "You could have said, 'Wow, how much are these worth?"

"I only wish my mother were still here to put these on her fingers."

CHATHAM--28th June 2008

Mary Trainor wears the rings found by Cameron Delande

in his family's toilet which were lost there

by Trainor's mother 12 years ago.

Cape Cod Times/Steve Heaslip

Additional Reading:

Romantic Old Mine Cuts of Yester Year

Old European Diamond Cuts & Old Mine Cuts

Old Mine Cut Diamonds

***

Diamond Imports

Old Mine Cut Diamonds


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Today in History 29th June 1956

American playwright Arthur Miller marries Hollywood film star Marilyn Monroe.

HOT VS COLD LASER SYSTEMS

It is important to understand there are two very different categories of lasers used for diamond inscription; hot lasers and cold lasers.

Hot lasers are YAG lasers and Cold lasers use Excimer laser technology.

Put simply, the PhotoScribe Cold lasers are the only laser systems that are guaranteed 100% safe for diamond inscriptions.

Hot lasers will chip or fracture diamonds. High quality polished girdles are especially at risk for fracturing or chipping with "Hot" lasers.

PhotoScribe's cold lasers are the most trusted lasers and have a proven track record of use in most major labs around the world for over 6 years. Here is why:

Diamonds are transparent over a wide spectral range, down to approximately 220nm for type 2A diamonds. Hot lasers operate at a wave length above 220nm which means that the laser beam is able to penetrate through the surface of the diamond and into the stone itself. Cold lasers operate at 193nm and have a very short pulse duration. This produces a photo-ablative process, without the heat affect zone common to the thermal marking of other type of lasers. For these reasons Photoscribe's cold laser systems will not damage or fracture your diamonds.

Additionally with a hot laser, pre and post treatment of the stone is necessary to help focus the laser beam on the surface of the stone. A clear white out material must be manually painted to the surface of the stone. In addition to being messy and time consuming, the manual application of the white out material leads to variations in coating thicknesses which can lead to skipping in the inscription. These processes are NOT necessary with PhotoScribe cold lasers. No pre or post treatment of the stone is necessary. Simply load the stone, verify your inscription on the live computer screen image of the gemstone and watch as the laser inscribes a perfect inscription!

The patented PhotoScribe LMS Cold Laser Series machines are exclusively designed and manufactured for diamond and gemstone inscription.

The LMS Laser Systems are much faster and far exceed all capabilities of hot lasers.

In fact, we are so confident in the ability of our LMS Cold Laser Systems, we guarantee in writing they will not fracture your diamonds or gems.

Source: Photscribe Laser Technologies

Additional Reading:

Beware of GIA Lasered "H & A" Diamonds

TRADE ALERT: Fake GIA Laser FAKE GIA LASER INSCRIPTION DISCOVERED IN MELBOURNE

Pick the Problem in Melbourne

Why Jewellery Stores Dislike Knowledgeable Customers

ADGL hot laser inscribes graded "Eternity " branded diamonds.

Do not trust any diamond vendor selling diamonds with In-House diamond certificates or grading reports,manufacturers' diamond grading reports (MGR) and non compliant diamond grading laboratories.


AVOID BUYING

CONFLICT OF INTEREST DIAMONDS

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Diamond Imports


Australia's Best !!!


All Our Diamonds Are In Stock !!!


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Today in History 29th June 1997


American heavyweight boxer Mike Tyson is disqualified from the ring for biting off part of the ear of Evander Holyfield in the third round of their fight in Las Vegas.

Luxury Versus Commodity

Battle Over Market Share
***
Are Diamonds Missing Out ?

" the investment in marketing must be more sophisticated than that of other luxury items." : Motti Ganz, Chairman of the Israel Diamond Institute,
speaking at the 3rd International Rough Diamond Conference
earlier this year."

Swarovski produces glass, but sells it as if it were diamonds.
We produce diamonds, but sell it as if it were glass,” :
Alrosa’s president Sergei Vybornov,
who, lately,
hasn’t hidden his personal dislike of the way diamonds are marketed

Luxury Versus Commodity
***

Letter to the Editor - Commoditization of Diamonds
Rapaport Diamond Report December 7, 2007

Why are diamonds – the ultimate luxury product – losing out so badly to other luxury goods?

Is it because other luxury industries (expensive cars, high fashion, yachts, etc,) are innovative with smart branding and customization?

Diamonds are evolving into a traditional business with little innovation.

Since the 1940’s "A Diamond is Forever" established diamonds as necessities.

But now "diamond the luxury" has become "diamond the commodity".

We need to change this perception and make diamonds individual and unique again.

The main differentiation of diamonds are those from nature; clarity, colour and size.

Labs have become the strongest "diamond brands".

For most of the last century, professionals controlled price influencing knowledge about cuts, colour and clarity.

Consumers, and retailers ‘not in the know’, demanded third party independent verification giving rise to the trading of diamonds with cert’s.

Cut grade systems were developed by lab’s (for rounds only) compared to the Tolkowsky model developed in 1918.

Lab’s taught us to say "the round brilliant is best", we even go as far as saying "Ideal Cut" which implying other diamonds are less than "ideal".

We take a differentiated product, rough diamonds, polish half of them into round diamond commodities, and then compete against each other selling the same stuff.

During the early 1900’s professional’s stimulated consumer demand by offering different diamond shapes and improving the proportions of the most popular shape, the round brilliant.

It is obvious that cutters would want to differentiate and promote new cuts.

De Beers Supplier of Choice program pushed for it, but the sad fact is that although hundreds of new cuts have come to market, very few had a good financial return.

Ask those who tried and they will tell you that they wasted vast sums of money designing, patenting and promoting new diamond cuts. It can cost $1 Million to design and use a lot of rough in trial and error cutting to find good looking proportions. Patent and trade mark protection adds up to time and money. Then telling the trade and consumers how wonderful your new cut is can cost $1-2 Million each year just for the US market.

The problem is people have come to expect a third party, i.e. lab’s, to tell them what is good and what is bad. But lab’s cannot grade new cuts, they cannot even agree on grades for the century old round brilliant.

Good new design and innovation are stymied.

The Cut Group:
Garry Holloway, Ideal-Scope, Melbourne, Australia
Sergey Sivovolenko, OctoNus, Finland
Janak Mistry, Lexus, Surat, India
Dr Yuri Shelementiev, Russian Gemmological Center, Moscow, Russia
***

Additional Reading :

De Beers Goes into the Lab Business with Forevermark Part 4 : The Forevermark Brand Strategy Empowering the Retailers

The Three Industry Wild Cards
Risky Business
Alrosa chief says weak dollar will force diamond industry to act
Diamonds-The Universal Gem & Portability of Wealth
Historical Feature: The Diamond Boom of the 70's
Inflation & Weakened US Dollar Affects Diamond Prices
Investing in Diamonds: The Terms of Engagement An excellent insight
Diamond Circle Capital : Can commoditisation be good for diamond prices?
Long-term outlook for diamond jewellery positive – analyst
Huge Price Increases in Diamond Prices Boom Times Ahead

***

Diamond Imports

Fancy Shape Diamonds

Grace of Antwerp (TM)

We Cut To Order


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Today in History 29th June 1941

Germans advance in Russia

One week after launching a massive invasion of the USSR, Nazi divisions make staggering advances on Leningrad, Moscow, and Kiev. Soviet leader Joseph Stalin had ignored warnings that Adolf Hitler would betray the 1939 Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact, and in the first months of their invasion the Germans seized over 500,000 square miles of Soviet territory. However, the tenacity of the Red Army and the severity of the Russian winter had yet to be experienced by the Germans--they would eventually prove insurmountable.

Saturday, June 28, 2008

Uma Thurman & Arpad Busson Engaged

Hogan/Getty
Uma Thurman is engaged to long-time boyfriend, financier Arpad Busson

***

By GEORGE RUSH DAILY NEWS COLUMNIST
Updated Friday, June 27th 2008

Uma Thurman, who played the sword-wielding Bride in "Kill Bill," is taking another stab at marriage, now that financier Arpad (Arki) Busson has proposed, her rep confirmed to the Daily News.

Busson, who has two children with supermodel Elle Macpherson, just presented Thurman with a engagement ring so big "she can't fit it through the sleeve of her coat," a friend said.

Thurman showed off the honkin' sparkler Thursday night at Elton John's British manor house, where he's throwing his 10th White Tie and Tiara benefit.

"All the ladies' eyes were buggin' out," said a spy at the Chopard-sponsored bash.

Thurman's spokesman confirmed the betrothal to the News.

A friend of her family said, "It's a done deal. They're already planning the wedding."

The couple hit it off last year at a dinner in Milan. She was coming off a three-year relationship with hotelier Andre Balazs.

She was also feeling the aftershocks of her divorce from cheating second husband Ethan Hawke. (Her marriage to actor Gary Oldman ended in 1992.

"Uma was dealing with visitation issues with her two kids with Ethan," said a friend. "Arky was going through the same thing with Elle. They bonded."

Busson surprised Thurman with the ring this week in London, where the couple attended a star-studded 90th birthday party for Nelson Mandela. "It was a really old-fashioned romantic gesture," said a friend.

"Everyone is so happy for Uma after what she went through with that stalker," added the pal, referring to Thurman's recent court ordeal with obsessed fan Jack Jordan. "Arki is a guy who can take care of her."

Thurman's romance with the Busson created some tension with her friend Macpherson, according to some reports.

Made in Australia

Elle Macpherson @ 42 aka The Body

The Aussie beauty, who was also at Elton's party, is bound to have some thoughts on Busson's interest in walking to the altar with Thurman, 38.

Busson proposed to Macpherson shortly after they announced in 2002 that they were expecting their second child, Aurelius Cy.

But, a few months after his birth, they parted. According to reports, Busson, a devout Catholic, refused to marry a divorcee, despite their out-of-wedlock children.

"Uma is hoping this time, it's really love," said the friend. "Everyone wants the best for her. And Arki is a really sweet guy."

Busson, born in 1963 in Switzerland, heads the EIM investment company, which manages assets of over $13 billion, according to the company.

The moneyman, who also dated Farah Fawcett, has homes in London and the Bahamas. In 2006, Tatler magazine voted him the seventh-most wanted person at a party.

Busson has also raised millions for children at risk through his Absolute Return for Kids charity.

***
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Today in History 28th June 1838

Queen Victoria is crowned Queen of England at Westminster Abbey in London at the age of 19.

Rio Tinto Indian Diamonds

Rio Tinto sets its sights on first significant world class diamond mine in India

June 23, 2008

***

Rio Tinto today announced that it has lodged mining lease applications for its Bunder diamond project in the Bundelkhand region of Madhya Pradesh, India, which is a vital step in the development of what could be the first significant world class diamond mine in India.

Rio Tinto also announced the exploration target for diamond mineralisation at the Bunder project of 40-70 million tonnes at a grade of between 0.3 and 0.7 carats per tonne. The targeted diamond grades are at least three times greater than the grade of the Panna mine, India's only other hard rock diamond mine.

The original discovery was made as part of a regional exploration reconnaissance in 2002. A Prospecting License was executed in September 2006, which allowed exploration activities to continue, and an order of magnitude study was commenced to evaluate the economic viability of the eight diamondiferous lamproites. The results of this are expected by the end of Q3 2008.

Nik Senapati, managing director of Rio Tinto in India, said, "Diamonds are a significant part of the history of India and an important product for Rio Tinto. We have spent more than 100 Crore rupees (US$25 million) over the last six years on diamond exploration and evaluation in India, and remain excited about the prospects for the Bunder project. The application for mining leases is confirmation of our commitment to both mining in India and the global diamond industry."

Bill Champion, managing director of Rio Tinto's diamond business commented, "We are delighted with the progress of the Bunder Project, which has the potential to be a world class operation. Rio Tinto has a strong track record of introducing new productions into the market and significantly enhancing their value. We are committed to ensuring a stronger, healthier and environmentally secure community at Bunder, as we have done across all of our diamond operations."

Currently, Rio Tinto processes the majority of its diamonds in India and independently markets the diamond productions from its Australian, Canadian and African mines, with a well established presence in all the major diamond centres of the world. Rio Tinto's strategic alliance with the Indian diamond industry, built over the past 25 years, has enabled it to gain a deep understanding of India as the world's largest diamond cutting centre and as one of the key emerging markets for diamond demand.

Work on the Bunder diamond project to date includes mapping, 48 drill-holes and five surface bulk samples. Drilling is continuing and further surface bulk sampling to support diamond valuation is underway. Environmental approval for a 10 tonne per hour Dense Media Separation Plant is expected soon from the Madhya Pradesh government, which allows processing of bulk samples at the project site.

Following the completion of the order of magnitude study in the second half of 2008, a pre-feasibility study would involve further social and environmental studies including further drilling and below the surface bulk sampling. In total Rio Tinto has spent over 75 Crore rupees (US$19 million) to date on evaluation of the deposit. Plans are in place to spend around a further 135 Crore rupees (US$30 million) to support continued evaluation of the deposit.

***
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Today in History 28th June 1682

Champagne is invented by Dom Perignon - a blind Benedictine cellerman
at Hautevilliers Abbey.

Cameron Diaz Fuels Fire

Cameron sparked engagement rumours yesterday
by flashing a ring on her wedding finger as she dined out with friends.
She is currently dating British model Paul Sculfor

***
Now Cameron Diaz fuels engagement rumours
as she flashes huge sparkler on her wedding finger

Cameron Diaz has fuelled engagement rumours by sporting a huge ring on her wedding finger.
The actress appeared to flash the dazzling ring at photographers as she left the Nobu restaurant in Santa Monica yesterday, indicating that her relationship with new beau Paul Sculfor may have taken a more serious turn.

Earlier this week the 35-year-old was pictured looking blissfully happy as she kissed and cuddled the bricklayer-turned-model, who previously dated Jennifer Aniston, during a day out in West Hollywood.The couple couldn’t keep their hands off each other as they enjoyed a dinner date before strolling to a nearby boutique.

Diaz, who was devastated by the death of her father earlier this year, has been single since splitting from Justin Timberlake in 2007.

Sculfor, 35, briefly dated former Friends star Jennifer Aniston earlier this year.

He is also a close friend of Victoria Beckham and has dated TV presenter Lisa Snowdon.

Shouldn't single actresses know by now that giant diamonds worn on a particular finger shouldn't be flaunted in public?

Cameron Diaz was photographed sporting an ostentatious sparkler yesterday in Santa Monica, suspiciously displaying the gory piece on her engagement ring-reserved finger in a very blatant manner.

But considering she's just barely started dating former cokehead/Jennifer Aniston ex Paul Sculfor, and has been linked to half a dozen other canoodling partners in the past few months, we're not jumping on the "Diaz Engaged!" bandwagon quite yet. Source

***
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Today in History 28th June 1919

Keynes predicts economic chaos

On June 28, 1919, the day that the Treaty of Versailles is signed in Paris, John Maynard Keynes warns that the war reparations imposed on Germany in the punitive agreement would cause worldwide economic havoc. When catastrophic German inflation and a world depression proved him right, Keynes advocated government spending to create employment. A brilliant economist, the eventual establishment of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank owed much to his ideas.

Friday, June 27, 2008

Tennis star celebrates with Argyle pink diamonds

Tennis phenomenon and pop culture icon , Maria Sharapova, recently celebrated her twenty first birthday in style with a one off "jewellery camera" featuring an Argyle pink diamond studded "M" charm on the wrist band of the camera.

Accessorising watches, phones and cameras with diamonds is presenting a whole new range of product development options for jewellery designers. Larry West, designer of the Argyle pink diamond "M" charm for Sharapova comments " Diamond consumers are increasingly looking for the finest in everything and when it comes to bejewelling accessories, pink diamonds from the Argyle mine are the ultimate".

Sharapova, ranked among the top ten female tennis players in the world, was one of the youngest champions ever at Wimbledon. She has built a global fan base, captivating all with her style, intelligence, wit and poise beyond her years. A truly global personality who enjoys the latest trends in fashion, Sharapova comments on her pink diamond gift,

"I love the Argyle Pink Diamond signature "M" created for my new Canon camera. This special accessory, made up of rare pink diamonds from the Argyle Diamond Mine in Australia is the perfect gift - it is fun, individual and fashionable".

The Aboriginal people believe that the Argyle mine was created when three women were trying to trap a barramundi fish,however the barramundi was too clever and jumped through the netand landed at thesite where the mine was established. It’s believed that the colours of the diamonds come from different parts of the barramundi as the fish wiggled through the net, with
the pink diamonds coming from the heart of the barramundi.

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From Russia With Love
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The Father of Blood Diamonds : Jamil Sayid Mohamed
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In Pictures: The Biggest Billionaire Gifts Of 2007
"My diamond mine in Africa" : Alan Bond
Ellen Gives Portia Pink Diamonds for 'Dream Wedding'

Cameron Diaz Fuels Fire

Uma Thurman & Arpad Busson Engaged

***

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World Diamond Council Announces Agenda


World Diamond Council announces agenda of 6th Annual Meeting in Antwerp, starting 30/6
Press Release

Antwerp, Belgium, June 26, 2008

The Sixth Annual Meeting of the World Diamond Council is set to open in Antwerp on Monday June 30.

The two-day event is being hosted by the Antwerp World Diamond Centre.

The World Diamond Council in the international body charged with coordinating the diamond and jewellery industry's campaign against conflict diamonds.

The organisation was created in Antwerp in 2000, at the World Diamond Congress of the World Federation of Diamond Bourses and the International Manufacturers Association.

The theme of the Sixth Annual World Diamond Council Meeting is "Celebrating Five Years into the Kimberley Process."

The annually held session will begin with an Executive Committee meeting on June 30.

Keynote speakers at the plenary session of July 1st, will be Belgian Prime Minister Yves Leterme; Eli Izhakoff,Chairman and CEO of the World Diamond Council; Steve Merdinger, Independent Auditor/CPA, followed by Avi Paz, president of the World Federation of Diamond Bourses (WFDB); Moti Ganz, president of the International Diamond Manufacturers Association; Gaetano Cavalieri, president of CIBJO; and Ernest Blom, vice president of the WFDB. Karel Kovanda, the chairman of the Kimberley Process Chairman in 2007 will open the afternoon session, followed by Cecilia Gardner, general counsel, who will speak about the WDC Reforms and Activities in the Kimberley Process.

The Kimberley Process Technical Report will be detailed by Mark Van Bockstael, chairman of the KP Technical committee and CO International Affairs of Antwerp World Diamond Centre.

NGOs will be represented by Alex Yearsley, a campaigner for Global Witness. >From the European Union, Christian Berger and Stephane Chardon, KP chairman, will present the Government Representatives Reports, before leaving the speaker's desk to Dorothee Gizenga, executive director of the Diamond Development Initiative, who will provide an update on the organisation's activities.

Some 200 guests are expected in the heart of the city of Antwerp for the closing gala dinner, where the guests of honour will be Gareth Penny, De Beers' managing director and Belgium's Minister of Foreign Affairs Karel de Gucht.

Additional Reading:

Swarovski produces glass, but sells it as if it were diamonds. We produce diamonds, but sell it as if it were glass” : Alrosa’s president Sergei Vybornov, who, lately, hasn’t hidden his personal dislike of the way diamonds are marketed.

In a scheduled 45-minute keynote address to the recent Diamond World Congress in Shanghai, it took him barely 45 seconds to get his message across: “Swarovski produces glass, but sells it as if it were diamonds. We produce diamonds, but sell it as if it were glass,” he thundered, "Insiders say that Vybornov would want nothing less than seeing a doubling or tripling of diamond prices and getting some decent generic marketing on the ground to achieve that objective.

We now are getting the “by invitation only” to Vybornov’s St. Petersburg conclave, illustrating that he is putting his money where his mouth is. On June 29, a dozen of the industry’s major players will sit around a table in a closed room. The list of invitees includes not only major miners such as Gareth Penny (De Beers), Varda Shine (DTC), Bill Champion (Rio Tinto), Graham Kerr (BHP Billiton), Bob Gannicott (Harry Winston Diamond Corporation) and Manuel Ganga (Catoca), but also the producers’ main downstream partners. Thus we see names such as Dilip Mehta (Rosy Blue), Chaim Pluczenik (Pluczenik), Kaushik Mehta (Eurostar), Isaac Tache (Tache), Lev Leviev (LLD), Nir Livnat (Steinnmetz Group) and Maurice Tempelsman (Lazare Kaplan).
*
The intriguing additional participants represent the jewelry world: Francesco Trapani (Bulgari), Michael Kowalski (Tiffany), Bernard Arnault (LVMH), Mark Light (Sterling), Laurence Graff (Graff) and Johan Rupert (Richemont). And there are still more invitees such as Paul Goris (Antwerp Diamond Bank) and Patrick Kwok (Chow Tai Fook). That the World Diamond Council (WDC) is supposed to meet in Antwerp at the same time is apparently as relevant as the relevancy of the WDC itself. Actually, trade and industry bodies (WFDB, IDMA, CRJP, CIBJO, etc.) and the occasional NGO, which generally dominate industry events, are specifically and deliberately not invited by Vybornov.

The formal pretext of the St. Petersburg meeting is to change the currency in which diamonds are traded from U.S. dollars to Swiss francs.


This is tantamount to changing Coca Cola into Pepsi. Another grand objective presumably is finding ways to sell more diamonds at higher prices worldwide. "
Source: Chaim Even-Zohar exposes meeting 19th June 2008

The 5th Anniversary of the Kimberley Process

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Diamond Circle Capital : " the market is thirsty for liquidity "

"The Company intends to use at least 90% of the net proceeds
of the Offer
to acquire a portfolio of diamonds meeting
the Company's investment objective
in accordance with the Company's investment policies and strategy.
The remaining percentage of the net proceeds of the offer
is intended to be invested in Sharia-compliant products
and used for working capital purposes."


" In the long-run this investment will be repaid, as the awareness of diamonds increases in the consumer market. The diamond is not a simple luxury product. It is not a bag – you buy it one week, and next year when it goes out of fashion, you buy another one. Women give bags that are out of fashion to their housekeepers. I have never heard of a woman who gave her diamond jewelry to a housekeeper. They pass on diamond jewelry to their daughters and granddaughters or set them in new jewelry. The diamond never wears out in their eyes. Therefore, the investment in marketing must be more sophisticated than that of other luxury items." : Motti Ganz, Chairman of the Israel Diamond Institute, speaking at the 3rd International Rough Diamond Conference earlier this year.

Enhancing the Industry’s Capital Base

Diamond Circle Capital Plc (DCC), a closed-ended investment company incorporated in the Isle of Man, has successfully completed its initial public offering (IPO) on the London Stock Exchange. The company has raised $74.32 million for the creation of the world's first listed polished diamond fund. In about six months, a further equity-raising round is expected. I have been in touch (and involved) with the promoters of this fund, and I have come to view it as a very significant and constructive development for the diamond industry.

The fund will only invest in “important polished stones” ranging from a minimum $1 million to a maximum $20 million per stone. Each purchase will need a GIA certificate (issued in the same year as the year of acquisition).

The fund’s diamond experts will now commence its initial purchases. The diamond portfolio will consist of approximately 60 percent of white diamonds and 40 percent of rare colored diamonds; the average diamond sizes will be 20 carats for white diamonds and five carats for colored diamonds.

The fund is almost like having a new major polished dealer in large goods alongside the handful of existing major players. The strength of the large dealers is in their ability to hold onto $20 million stones, if necessary, for many years. Their professional and financial prowess can defend prices. Hitherto, such activity has never been financed by public money – equity raised for only one purpose: to deliver value to shareholders by making money buying and selling the largest goods.

A back-of-the-envelope calculation will show that less than 40,000 polished stones weighing more than three carats are produced annually, and that these easily represent well over 10 percent of the value of the total annual worldwide polished supply. The truly remarkable stones within this category count, at best, only a few hundred diamonds per year. This business represents a relatively small, highly specialized, quite risky and enormously capital-intensive niche in the diamond market. This niche stands and falls by the ability of the dealers, whenever necessary, to hold on to their diamonds for years – to secure and guarantee their optimum value.

About a year ago, a first placement of some $300 - $400 million by DCC was postponed, due to the financial turbulence that then swept the international markets. Just imagine what a portfolio of large rare stones acquired at that time would have been worth today. Share prices might have doubled or tripled, as almost any truly large stone purchased today can be sold at a profit tomorrow.

It is not without reason that the market for rare large stones is currently in the hands of less than a dozen companies. The launch of DCC will instigate more competition, create more demand and – most importantly – bring cheap non-interest-bearing money into the diamond trade.

The key difference between the investment funds of the 1980s and the DCC lies in the “distance” between investors and the fund’s activities in the market. If, hypothetically, a large group of shareholders suddenly may want to dispose of their shares at a time of slow demand, the share price may decline – but this will have absolutely no impact on the underlying assets. No diamonds need to be sold to accommodate the share sellers. There will never be a “distress” sale or any shareholder pressure to either buy or sell.

The DCC, which has been promoted by the Swiss UBS Investment Bank, has assembled a team of experienced diamond industry specialists to source opportunities, to decide on investment strategy and to provide independent valuation of the portfolio. Though long-term asset growth is the main objective, attractive sales opportunities will not be ignored. The fact that the securities are fully compliant with Shariah principles makes the fund also attractive to wealthy Arabian investors.

De Beers Supports the Concept

When the concept of the fund was presented to De Beers’ managing director Gareth Penny, he was, reportedly, very enthusiastic about the idea. Penny believes that such investment vehicles will bring much needed outside (i.e. new) money into the industry, which will lead to greater liquidity and, ultimately, a reduction of banking debt. This is a U-turn from De Beers’ traditional position.

In the past, De Beers categorically opposed the concept of diamonds for investment purposes and believed that diamonds sales should have a finality to them – which meant that they needed to go to diamond jewelry consumers who would not “return” the diamond to the market. In those days, De Beers was managing the industry’s buffer stock and tightly managed the supply side. Any accumulation of stock in investors’ hands not just jeopardized stability, the company reasoned, but it also impaired De Beers’ own ability to manage the market.

These arguments have lost relevancy in the current market-driven, competitive diamond market. Today, the market is thirsty for liquidity ever since the main rough suppliers dumped their buffer stocks onto the market.


We estimate the global banking indebtedness of the diamond industry at $18-$19 billion (not just counting the main centers, but also financing sources such as Dubai, Moscow, England, Singapore, Hong Kong, Johannesburg, etc.) The level of industry indebtedness (manufacturers and traders) is close to one year of polished sales at polished wholesale prices (pwp). With the return of inflation and increases in interest rates, financing costs are bound to go up.

The DCC brings money from outside investors – “free” money not encumbered by financing costs. Without any hesitation, one ought to welcome the influx of capital provided by the DCC and similar funds, which will undoubtedly follow in the future.

Though many of us suspect that there is currently considerable speculative buying in the larger goods, so far there were few institutional frameworks for investing in diamonds for the non-diamond professional investor. This was bound to change – and the sooner the better. Why? Commodity markets have been booming. Prices of most commodities (especially those of oil, nickel, tin, corn and wheat) have reached record highs despite credit market turbulence (subprime crises) and the slowing economic activity in many major advanced economies.

Commodity prices have risen for many reasons – and rising demand is only one of a number of factors driving the steep value appreciation. The diamond industry has largely missed the boom in commodity prices. This can partly be attributed to the absence of access to the trade by outside investors (speculators) who, in other commodities, contributed to price rises.

Diamonds as “Alternative Assets” Class

There is little need here to stress that the decline in the effective value of the dollar has decreased the returns on dollar-denominated financial assets in foreign currencies. This has catapulted investments in commodities into a more attractive class of "alternative assets" to investors. Take oil for example. In the current upward spiral of energy prices, large financial institutions, hedge funds, pension funds, and other investors have been pouring billions of dollars into the energy commodities markets to try to take advantage of price changes or hedge against them. Most of this additional investment has not come from producers or consumers of these commodities but from speculators seeking to take advantage of these price changes.

Let’s be precise in our terminology. In the present context, a speculator is someone who “does not produce or use the commodity, but risks his or her own capital trading futures in that commodity in hopes of making a profit on price changes.”

The large purchases of crude oil futures contracts by speculators (i.e. investors) have, in effect, created an additional demand for oil, driving up the price of oil for future delivery. “The price of crude oil today is not made according to any traditional relation of supply to demand. It’s controlled by an elaborate financial market system as well as by the four major oil companies (the ‘four sisters’). As much as 60% of today’s crude oil price is pure speculation driven by large trader banks and hedge funds. It has to do with control of oil and its price,” says F. William Engdahl, a leading analyst and author of many best-selling books on oil and geopolitics.

What is true for oil is just as true for diamonds – though the sizes of the markets are, of course, hugely dissimilar. Because of the nature of the product, investments in diamonds have a far longer time horizon. Eventually, the diamond industry will also have futures – which will create additional demand.

As far as the market is concerned, the demand for a barrel of oil that results from the purchase of a futures contract by a speculator is just as real as the demand for a barrel that results from the purchase of a futures contract by a refiner or other user of petroleum. This will be the same in the diamond industry – and the demand originating from consumers will be just as real as the demand from investors, especially investors who are willing to hold onto the stones for many years.


Is there a downside? Of course there is. Declining share prices of a diamond investment company may have psychological ramifications; this will be noticed by analysts, journalists and investors. As this is a closed-ended investment company, basically operating as a mutual fund with a limited number of shares outstanding, the performance of DCC may, over time, be seen as an index for truly large diamond prices. If the fund, or funds like this, is badly managed, there is a definite downside due to the transparency and visibility of the fund’s activities.

From a “reputational” perspective, the fund will create positive spillover effects. It will demonstrate that the diamond business can be managed in a truly transparent environment, where outside investors can have confidence in the operations. Today, the diamond industry is almost exclusively privately owned, except for some listed companies in India, which remain controlled by the shareholdings of these firms’ promoters. DCC may enhance public confidence and raise the comfort levels of investors. Provided, of course, that it is successful.

Exacting Reporting Requirements

We have grown used to seeing new diamond companies start with a listing on London’s AIM market for smaller growing companies. DCC is traded on the London Stock Exchange’s (LSE) main market. The LSE is one of the world’s oldest stock exchanges and it traces its history back more than 300 years. It is unquestionably the city’s most important financial institution. Being on the Main Market is prestigious and instills confidence. The fund couldn’t be at a better place.


The obligatory reporting requirements for listed companies will mandate detailed descriptions and valuations of the company’s diamond trade and inventories. Though the growth of the fund will probably be gradual, it has the potential of becoming a major force in the diamond business – and a source of important market information on large polished price trends.

The fund is not allowed to invest in rough diamonds. The company’s principal consultant is Diapason Commodities Management S.A., based in Lausanne, Switzerland, which is one of the largest commodity investment advisers in the world and oversees approximately $7.4 billion of funds and investment vehicles in various commodities programs.


A major role is being played by UBS Wealth Management, which is providing a comprehensive range of products and services individually tailored for wealthy clients around the world. Just imagine the impact on DCC of a UBS recommendation to include some diamonds in all of the portfolios under its management. The importance of enjoying the backing of commodity traders with the experience and financial strength of both Diapason and UBS should enhance the industry’s comfort level with the new diamond investment fund. Diamond Circle Capital will be closely watched and, if successful, the formula will undoubtedly be emulated by others.

Given the present shortages of supplies in the larger goods, it’s quite exciting to have an additional player that will only exacerbate the shortages. This may hold the best promise on diamond prices we have heard in a long time.

THURSDAY, JUNE 26TH, 2008, CHAIM EVEN-ZOHAR

Additional Reading :

The Three Industry Wild Cards

Risky Business

Alrosa chief says weak dollar will force diamond industry to act

Diamonds-The Universal Gem & Portability of Wealth

Historical Feature: The Diamond Boom of the 70's

Inflation & Weakened US Dollar Affects Diamond Prices

Investing in Diamonds: The Terms of Engagement An excellent insight

Diamond Circle Capital : Can commoditisation be good for diamond prices?

Long-term outlook for diamond jewellery positive – analyst

Huge Price Increases in Diamond Prices Boom Times Ahead

Comment:

26-Jun-2008 18:36, Marty Haske SUBJECT: Diamond Fund

RE: Chaim " The fund will only invest in “important polished stones” ranging from a minimum $1 million to a maximum $20 million per stone. Each purchase will need a GIA certificate (issued in the same year as the year of acquisition). "

Not that this would happen (sic), BUT, isn't this is a great way to re-paper and bury Certifigate Era stones, as never to be seen again "collateral".

GIA paper??? The fox guarding the chicken coop?

~~~~

26-Jun-2008 20:04, Barry Schwartz

SUBJECT: Chaim crosses the ethics line once again

I read Chaim's "editorial" today lauding the likely benefits which he projects that Diamond Circle Capital will bring to our industry. I noted Chaim's brief comment about his presumably personal "involvement" in this this fund, and thus, I assume that as usual, he either has a financial interest in the outcome or was a paid consultant. In either event, it is highly unethical and improper for Chaim to be lauding a fund which will do nothing more than speculate in diamonds. We do not need more speculation in our industry. Rather we need more stability. We need market supply and consumer demand to drive prices, not speculators. Chaim is again nothing more than a wolf in sheeps clothes, promoting a project which will do nothing but harm to our industry, this under the vieled pretense of a journalistic editorial. Shame on you Chaim and shame on IDEX for publishing your "news" story.

~~~~

26-Jun-2008 21:17, Amit Lentz

SUBJECT: Re: Chaim crosses the ethics line once again

Barry Schwartz is right on. The industry is riddled with all of these self-serving, self-interested and corrupt "journalists" telling the industry whats in their best interest. We need to get rid of the Rapaports, Zohars and all the other bottom feeders and start fresh with a free, legitimate and independent press.

~~~~

26-Jun-2008 21:17, DANIEL KATZ

SUBJECT: Re: Diamond Fund

In reply to Marty :

" BUT, isn't this is a great way to re-paper and bury Certifigate Era stones, as never to be seen again "collateral". GIA paper??? "

Agreed but this time they might actually give accurate grades ?

As a precaution each of these large diamonds like the ones mentioned for collection in Chaim's story, should be graded and certified by at least three different labs so that the perception of no bribery having taken place protects the interests of the DCC shareholders.

In reply to Barry Schwartz :

" I noted Chaim's brief comment about his presumably personal "involvement" in this this fund, and thus, I assume that as usual, he either has a financial interest in the outcome or was a paid consultant. "

Is your assumption correct ? If so please confirm or maybe Chaim can clarify this himself.

Also Barry said:" Rather we need more stability...not speculators "

I think you may have missed the point of the story.

Speculators like with most commodities push prices up but the difference is diamonds are in a more unique position because they are fungible and they do not disappear after consumption like other minerals.

Polished and rough diamonds lack some of the desirable attributes of investment vehicles, including liquidity, homogeneity and fungibility.

Fungibility does not imply liquidity, and liquidity does not imply fungibility.

Diamonds can be bought and sold (the trade is liquid), but individual diamonds are not interchangeable (diamonds are not fungible). Zimbabwean dollar bank notes are interchangeable in London (they are fungible there), but they are not easily traded there (they are not liquid in London).

However Round Brilliant Diamonds in D Colour and either IF or VVS1 Clarity in Excellent Proportions, Excellent Polish and Excellent Symmetry are considered fungibile amongst the Chinese community.

In other words the DCC is attempting to reduce the risk of this fungibility which can only but strengthen the credibility of diamonds being equivalent to other investment commodities as being considered more liquid.

The problem here lies that one must always verify the diamond, it's grading and the grading reports are genuine if these diamonds are acceptable as hard currency or investment vehicle.

Triple certifications is a cheap insurance for such large diamonds and I would think entirely reasonable as a safeguard to the DCC shareholders.

Barry one would think a cash injection by wealthy investors of " new money " would be of enormous benefit to the diamond industry rather than a few admirers buying diamonds for their wives or mistresses.

This could take diamonds out of their tin pot parochial mentality and encourage more buyers.

What is wrong with that ?

The diamond industry requires new ideas. It has become stagnant for many.

NAME THOSE GIA BRIBERS !!!!

Daniel Katz

~~~~

26-Jun-2008 21:31, DANIEL KATZ

SUBJECT: Re: Chaim crosses the ethics line once again

In reply to Amit Lentz:

" We need to get rid of the Rapaports, Zohars and all the other bottom feeders and start fresh with a free, legitimate and independent press."

But you are not going to get rid of them.They,like you, are part of the industry and your comments are only self serving.

Many of you sound so bitter.Business is difficult for some of you more for geographical reasons than any other.

If we are all to prosper there needs to be some future vision.

You want to " start fresh " ?

How your alternative suggestion about a " free " press will change anything for the better suggests to me you are stuck in a rut.And it has no relevance anyway.

The 29th June meeting in St Peterburg in Sergei's [Vybornov] enclave to discuss converting from US dollars to the more stable Swiss francs will be even more relevant now if UBS is backing the DCC.

[ We now are getting the “by invitation only” to Vybornov’s St. Petersburg conclave, illustrating that he is putting his money where his mouth is. On June 29, a dozen of the industry’s major players will sit around a table in a closed room. The list of invitees includes not only major miners such as Gareth Penny (De Beers), Varda Shine (DTC), Bill Champion (Rio Tinto), Graham Kerr (BHP Billiton), Bob Gannicott (Harry Winston Diamond Corporation) and Manuel Ganga (Catoca), but also the producers’ main downstream partners. Thus we see names such as Dilip Mehta (Rosy Blue), Chaim Pluczenik (Pluczenik), Kaushik Mehta (Eurostar), Isaac Tache (Tache), Lev Leviev (LLD), Nir Livnat (Steinnmetz Group) and Maurice Tempelsman (Lazare Kaplan) ] : Chaim Even-Zohar exposing the meeting 19th June ,2008.

We are living in exciting times. Try to enjoy the ride.Be well... DK

~~~~

26-Jun-2008 21:33, LADIGAYERS

SUBJECT: Re: Re: Diamond Fund

STOP TALKING SO MUCH AND SELL SOME DIAMONDS.WHY DONT YOU.

~~~~

26-Jun-2008 22:34, Marty Haske

SUBJECT: Re: Re: Diamond Fund 26-Jun-2008 21:17,

DANIEL KATZ SUBJECT: Re: Diamond Fund

In reply to Marty :

" BUT, isn't this is a great way to re-paper and bury Certifigate Era stones, as never to be seen again "collateral". GIA paper??? "Agreed but this time they might actually give accurate grades ?************************* "

Dream on Daniel.

The incentive is to give the same grade and illusion of repeatability.

GIA admit they were wrong the first time or someone got paid off.

That is a laugh.

That is what the Horizon database was about.

They won't even admit whether one supplier lost their submission priviledges in the face of a court ordered deposition.

Arrogance and cover-ups are their specialities. This "fund" is made to order for the crooks.

~~~~
26-Jun-2008 23:07, DANIEL KATZ

SUBJECT: Re: Re: Re: Diamond Fund

In reply to Marty :

"Arrogance and cover-ups are their [GIA] specialities. This "fund" is made to order for the crooks."

I agree with you.

Therefore large collective diamonds should be triple certified.

Since there is such a strong Swiss UBS involvement in the DCC and the strong possibility that the 29th St Petersburg meeting is mooting the change over from the weakened US dollar to stable Swiss Francs for diamond transactions one would be seeking additional protection.

Many are already dealing in Euros as the preferred diamond currency but it is still tied in with the US dollar.

The highly esteemed SSEF ( Swiss Gemological Institute) would be an appropriate diamond grader perhaps and also the IDC diamond lab HRD.

[ International Diamond Council (IDC) Laboratory.
The IDC is the governing body established by the
(WFDB) World Federation of Diamond Bourses and
The International Diamond Manufactures Association (IDMA).
These two bodies are the worlds highest Authorities in Diamonds.
*The Gemological Institute of America (GIA) is NOT an IDC Laboratory* ]

HRD are respected graders only they are stuck in a time warp. The delay in their new cut grade parameters is an annoying disappointment.

In order to remove any perceptions of wrong doing one grader alone, in particular GIA because of it's blemished record, should NOT be the sole grader.

If the internationalism of the DCC is to have any credibility they should promote themselves as such rather than stigmatising themselves via the questionable GIA association.

So many advisors and educated individuals involved in this DCC deal why would they just use GIA ? If they do this their expertise as advisors is bulls#*t.

Chaim mentioned in his story about the Arabian investors.

People have short memories. The GIA Certifigate bribery scandal stemmed from an Arabian deal.

If these precautions I have suggested are not put into place prior to selection of large collective diamonds, history may only repeat itself.

The DCC and it's shareholders are no different to a small buyer being ripped off when it comes to inaccurate diamond grading.

If the process is done with integrity the much needed liquidity in the diamond industry would be fantastic.

I must LADSIGAYERS you are right about talking too much here. We all should be selling diamonds but the future of where we are heading is in the hands of a few.

We are just the working drones that the queen bees feed off.

Daniel Katz

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Question :

From: Daniel Katz [mailto:xxxxxxxxxx] Sent: Thursday, June 26, 2008 10:31 PM

To: 'Chaim Even-Zohar

'Subject: Please define " closed-ended investment company ".

" As this is a closed-ended investment company, basically operating as a mutual fund with a limited number of shares outstanding, the performance of DCC may, over time, be seen as an index for truly large diamond prices "

Chaim,

What is a closed-ended investment company?
Daniel

Reply :

A closed-ended investment company is basically a mutual fund with a limited number of shares.

An open-ended fund will always issue more shares or participation certificates. Thus if in an open-ended fund you want to invest 10 million of whatever, the fund will simply grow by that much money. In a closed-ended fund, you can only buy shares which are outstanding, i.e. someone else must sell. The exception being new issues, just like any other shareholding companies, and then you buy when an emission is issued.

I am enthusiastic about this development, as we"ll have suddenly a new dealer, operating with money from outside speculators.

Thanks for your continued interest and support.

Regards to Kirsten,

Chaim

Chaim Even-Zohar
Tacy Ltd.
Fax: +972-3-5754829
website: www.diamondintelligence.com
and www.mine2mistress.com

~~~~~

Diamond Circle Capital Plc
18 June 2007
DIAMOND CIRCLE CAPITAL PLC

These written materials are not for distribution (directly or indirectly) in or to the United States, Canada, Australia or Japan.

They do not constitute an offer of securities for sale in or into the United States, Canada, Australia or Japan.

The securities have not been and will not be registered under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the 'Securities Act'); and may not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration or an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act.

The Company does not intend to register any portion of the Offering in the United States or to conduct a public placing of securities in the United States.

This announcement is an advertisement (within the meaning of the Prospectus Rules made under section 73A of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000) and not a prospectus and investors should not subscribe for or purchase any securities referred to in this announcement except on the basis of information in the prospectus to be published by the Company in due course in connection with the admission of such securities to the main market of the London Stock Exchange plc (the 'Prospectus').

Copies of the Prospectus will, following publication, be available from the Company's registered office.

Diamond Circle Capital announces launch of first ever London-listed diamond fund IPO London/Lausanne, 18 June, 2007 - Diamond Circle Capital plc ('the Company'), a newly incorporated closed-ended investment company registered and incorporated in the Isle of Man, formed to invest in large high-quality polished physical diamonds, today announces the launch of its initial public offering ('IPO') and its intention to seek a listing on the London Stock Exchange's main market for listed securities.

The Company's investment objective is to produce long-term appreciation of its portfolio of diamonds.

To achieve this, the Company intends to create a portfolio of polished diamonds focused on the high quality segment of the diamond market with a minimum investment of around US$1 million per individual stone.

It is anticipated that the portfolio will comprise white diamonds as well as rare coloured diamonds.

The Company is intended to offer investors a relatively cost-efficient, listed instrument for exposure to the diamond market.

The key highlights are:

• The IPO is targeted to raise approximately US$400 million through an offering of Ordinary Shares to investors in the United Kingdom and elsewhere. The minimum offer size is US$150 million.

• The Company will be managed by Diapason Commodities Management, S.A., (the 'Investment Manager' or 'Diapason') which will be responsible for the day-to-day management of the Company's diamond portfolio and other assets.

Diapason Commodities Management is one of the largest commodity investment managers in the world and, as of 30 March 2007, managed and/or oversaw approximately US$6 billion of funds and investment vehicles in various commodities programmes.

• Operating with the investment policies of the Company, Diapason intends to build a portfolio of large high-quality white and coloured polished diamonds, diversified by carat weight, colour, clarity and cut, with a minimum investment of around US$1 million per individual stone.

•The Investment Manager has assembled a team of highly experienced diamond industry specialists in connection with the Company comprising three diamond traders (employed by the Investment Manager), a Board of Experts and Independent Valuators.

• Structure, cash and liquidity management of the Company are intended to be in compliance with Shariah principles.

• It is expected that Admission will become effective and that dealings in the Ordinary Shares will commence on or around 8.00 am (London time), on 10 July 2007.

• UBS Limited will act as Global Coordinator, Sponsor and Bookrunner for the IPO

The Investment Manager believes the Company represents an attractive investment opportunity because:

• Catalysts for growth in investment demand for large high-quality diamonds are in place, underpinned by the rising number of high net-worth individuals, especially in the Middle East, Southeast Asia and the Russian Federation.*

• There are structural supply constraints in the diamond mining industry with limited production momentum, signified by a steadily declining mineral reserve base compounded by limited exploration success and relatively high barriers to entry.

• Inventories of rough diamonds are at historically low levels with a significant stockpile having been reduced to working capital levels over the past decade.

Stephan Wrobel, a Founding Partner of Diapason Commodities Management, S.A. commented, " We are delighted to be the first pure-play listed diamond investment fund offering, providing investors unique access to the high-quality diamond market. The fundamentals of the diamond market provide a very positive backdrop, with a marked increase in demand coming from new markets, supply constraints in the diamond mining industry and inventories of diamonds at historically low levels. Diamond Circle Capital Plc will offer investors a relatively cost-efficient, listed instrument, providing exposure to the polished diamond market, where there has traditionally been limited access to investment opportunities."

Contacts:
UBS
Adrian Lewis +44 20 7567 8000
M:Communications
Sarah Hamilton +44 20 7153 1538 / +44 7836 295 291 hamilton@mcomgroup.com
Ed Orlebar +44 20 7153 1523 / +44 7738 724 630 orlebar@mcomgroup.com
Jonathan Gollins +44 20 7153 1268 / + 44 7973 749 265 gollins@mcomgroup.com

Notes to Editors The Diamond market*

•The value of the worldwide diamond jewellery retail market was estimated at US$61 billion in 2005, up from US$50 billion in 2002. It is expected to grow by 3% annually to reach US$90 billion in 2015

•One of the major drivers of diamond demand is the increased spending power of the new middle class in the major emerging markets of China, Russia, India, Asia and Latin America.

•In recent years, the diamond industry has experienced a declining reserve base and increased production costs due to lower grades and cost inflation.

•Global diamond mining cost inflation is partly driven by deeper mining and off-shore mining operations, but also general shortage of mining materials and skilled labour around the world.

•Supply constraints along with an expected growth in demand results in forecasted demand outstripping supply by up to US$7 billion by 2012 especially with larger high-quality diamonds expected to become increasingly rare.

* Sourced from Tacy Limited Report on the Diamond Market

Use of Proceeds

The Company intends to use at least 90% of the net proceeds of the Offer to acquire a portfolio of diamonds meeting the Company's investment objective in accordance with the Company's investment policies and strategy.

The remaining percentage of the net proceeds of the offer is intended to be invested in Sharia-compliant products and used for working capital purposes.

Net Asset Value announcements

The Company's Net Asset Value and the Net Asset Value per Share, based on independent valuations, will be published on the Company's website and through RNS (London Stock Exchange approved regulatory news service) on a monthly basis, once listed.

The Company also intends to publish a monthly update on the Company's diamond portfolio.

Important Information

The contents of this announcement, which have been prepared by and are the sole responsibility of Diamond Circle Capital plc, have been approved by UBS Limited solely for the purposes of section 21(2)(b) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000.

UBS Limited is acting for the Company and no one else in connection with the proposed Offering and will not be responsible to anyone other than the Company for providing the protections afforded to its clients or for providing advice in relation to the proposed IPO or any other matter referred to herein.

The information contained in this announcement is for background purposes only and does not purport to be full or complete.

No reliance may be placed for any purpose on the information contained in this announcement or its accuracy or completeness.

This announcement does not constitute or form part of any offer to issue or sell, or any solicitation of any offer to subscribe or purchase, any investments nor shall it (or the fact of its distribution) form the basis of, or be relied on in connection with, any contract therefor.

The contents of this announcement include statements that are, or may deemed to be 'forward-looking statements'.

These forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology, including the terms 'believes', 'estimates', 'anticipates', 'expects', 'intends', 'may', 'will' or 'should'.

By their nature, forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties and readers are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance.

The Company's actual results and performance may differ materially from the impression created by the forward-looking statements.

The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise forward-looking statements, except as may be required by applicable law and regulation (including the Prospectus Rules and the Listing Rules).

Acquiring investments to which this announcement relates may expose an investor to a significant risk of losing all of the amount invested.

Persons considering investing in such investments should consult an authorised person specialising in advising on such investments.

This announcement does not constitute a recommendation concerning the IPO.

The value of shares can go down as well as up.

Potential investors should consult a professional advisor as to the suitability of the IPO for the person concerned.

The Offering will only be made available (i) in the UK and elsewhere outside the US, to institutional investors and certain other investors in reliance on Regulation S, and (ii) in the US to qualified institutional buyers (in reliance upon Rule 144A or another exemption from, or transaction not subject to, the registration requirements of the Securities Act).

The information contained herein is not for publication, distribution in or into, directly or indirectly, the United States of America.

These materials do not contain or constitute an offer of securities for sale in the United States.

The securities referred to herein have not been and will not be registered under the US Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and may not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration under that Act or an available exemption from it.

The Company does not intend to register the securities or conduct a public offering in the United States.

In connection with the Offering, UBS Limited (or any of its agents or other persons acting for it) may (but will be under no obligation to), to the extent permitted by law, over-allot or effect other transactions to support the market price of the Company's ordinary shares or any rights with respect to, or interests in, the ordinary shares, in each case at a level higher than that which might otherwise prevail in the open market. Such transactions may be effected on any securities market, over-the-counter market, stock exchange or otherwise.

There can be no assurance that such stabilising transactions will occur and, if commenced, they may be discontinued at any time and may only be taken during the period commencing on admission of the ordinary shares up to and including the date which is 30 days thereafter.

In no event will measures be taken to stabilise the market price of the ordinary shares above the offer price.

Save as required by law or regulation, neither UBS Limited nor any of its agents intends to disclose the extent of any over-allotments and/or stabilisation transactions under the IPO.

In connection with the IPO, UBS Limited may, for stabilisation purposes, over-allot ordinary shares up to a maximum of 15% of the total number of ordinary shares comprised in the IPO (before exercise of the over-allotment option) and UBS Limited proposes to enter into over-allotment arrangements with the Company pursuant to which UBS Limited may subscribe for, or procure subscribers for, ordinary shares at the offer price representing 15% of the number of ordinary shares comprised in the IPO (before exercise of the over-allotment option), to allow it to cover short positions arising from such over-allotments and stabilising transactions. The over-allotment option will be exercisable in whole or in part, on notice by UBS Limited, at any time during the period commencing on admission of the ordinary shares up to and including the date which is 30 days thereafter.

The over-allotment shares made available pursuant to the over-allotment arrangements will be sold at the offer price, and will rank pari passu with, the ordinary shares sold in the IPO, including for all dividends and other distributions declared, made or paid on the ordinary
shares after admission and will form a single class for all purposes with the ordinary shares.

This information is provided by RNS.
The company news service from the London Stock Exchange.
***

Diamond Imports



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Today in History 27th June 1844

Mormon leader killed

American Joseph Smith, founder of the Mormon religion, is murdered by an anti-Mormon mob while being held in an Illinois jail cell. In his Book of Mormon, Smith claimed that he was the prophet of the last true church,that Native Americans were descended from the lost tribes of Israel, and that Jesus preached in America after his resurrection. Smith and his followers, criticized for unorthodox practices such as polygamy, were persecuted all across the eastern United States. In 1846, Smith's successor, Brigham Young, led an exodus of Mormons along the western wagon trails in search of religious freedom. In July 1847, the Mormon pioneers settled near Utah's Great Salt Lake and founded Salt Lake City.

1995 English actor Hugh Grant is arrested for lewd conduct with a prostitute in a parked car in Los Angeles.

1979 World heavyweight champion Muhammad Ali announces his retirement from boxing after 59 professional fights beginning in 1960.

1976 Palestinian terrorists hi-jack an Air France Airbus flying from Athens and force it to fly to Entebbe in Uganda.

1974 American President Richard Nixon begins his historic visit to Moscow for a series of meetings with President Brezhnev.

Thursday, June 26, 2008

Africa: The Bear And the Dragon

In Africa, the Russian state seems far more 'upfront' about pursuing its grand geopolitical projects than the more cautious and patient Chinese. Russia's private sector too is prepared on occasion to operate with an unashamed directness where others might be more diplomatic." While all eyes are on China's growing influence in Africa, Stephen Marks argues that Russia's bear is quitely intensifying its hug.

While all eyes have been focussed on China's rise in Africa, the other former Cold War Communist giant has also been making a comeback. And at first glance there are obvious parallels between the dragon and the bear, as each seeks to rebuild its African links on a commercial basis while building where it can on the friends and contacts made in an earlier, more ideological era.

Today the Aswan dam stands as a monument to Soviet aid in the Cold War era, as the Tazara railway does to China's role. And the thousands of Soviet graduates match the specialists trained in China.

But Russia's recent rise in African trade though steep, is far from matching China's. The fall from $2.7bn in 1994 to just over $900m in 1994 (only 1.5% of all Russia's non-CIS trade) has been followed by a climb back to over £3bn in 2006, with a reported further leap to $6bn in 2007. (See also http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~chegeo/)

But this is easily dwarfed by China's trade volume, already at $40m in the first nine months of 2007 alone, and projected to soar to $100m by 2010.

Nonetheless the trappings of Russia's African rise seem at first glance to mimic those of China, if on a smaller scale. In September 2006, just weeks before the FOCAC summit in Beijing, Russian President Vladimir Putin took 100 Russian businessmen - some of them top 'oligarchs' - on a five-day whirlwind trip to Morocco and South Africa, followed up in March 2007 by then-Prime Minister Mikhail Fradkov taking more business chiefs and officials to Angola, Namibia and South Africa.

As with Chinese President Hu Jintao's whirlwind African trips, there were reports of major deals, promising investments in mining, energy and even space exploration. And Russia has also stepped up to the mark with the right noises about development and debt relief.

This April, at the first joint meeting of the AU and the UN Economic Commission for Africa, Russia's ambassador to Ethiopia announced a $500m development assistance package and a $20m contribution to the World Bank's African anti-malaria programme.

And Russia has also written off $20bn of African debt, making its contribution to the Debt relief Initiative for HIPCs the biggest of all donors in share of GDP, and the third biggest in absolute value.

A more detailed look at the deals done by the business chiefs accompanying Russia's leaders on these jaunts shows some apparent similarities, but also significant underlying differences when compared to the pattern of China's intervention.

As with China, energy and raw materials deals are a prominent part of the Russian roadshow. As Newsweek reported at the end of last year 'Over the last three years, four top Russian metal companies have invested more than $5 billion in sub-Saharan Africa alone. Russian oil giants Lukoil, Rosneft and Stroytransgaz have signed exploration deals in Algeria, Nigeria, Angola and Egypt worth more than $3 billion'.

Earlier last year LUKoil, Russia's largest oil company, bought a 63% stake in a field off the Ivory Coast in a production-sharing agreement with its Nigerian owners, followed by taking a 56.66% stake in three prospecting projects in the Ivory Coast and Ghana from the U.S. company Vanco Energy.

Metals have also been an area of Russian interest as far back as 2004 when Norisk Nickels acquired a 20% stake in South African gold producer Gold Fields from Anglo American for $1.16bn in cash. Norilsk is the world's largest producer of nickel and palladium and a leading producer of platinum, copper and cobalt, as well as Russia's largest gold miner.

Russia's steelmaker Evraz has also completed a take over of South Africa's leading steelmaker Highveld Steel and Vanadium. And United Manganese of Kalahari, a company part-owned by billionaire 'oligarch' Viktor Vekselberg, recently confirmed that it had won a mining license for its planned $200m manganese mine. Vekselberg's company Renova and its partners last year bought the Transalloys ferro-alloy plant in South Africa. Vekselberg has said Renova plans to invest around $1 billion in buying ore deposits and processing plants. Renova is also in a currently stormy partnership with BP in the Russian oil company TNK-BP.

Mr Vekselberg appears to be a key figure in Russian-South African trade relations. He was appointed by President Mbeki to his International Investment Council. He also heads the foreign relations committee of Russia's Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs, and is said to be known as 'Mr South Africa' in Russia and 'Mr Russia' in South Africa. As we shall see he has been in the news for other reasons too.

Putin's original 2006 visit took in only Morocco and South Africa, leading to the criticism that he was leaving out the expanse of black Africa in between. But since then the gap has been at least partly filled, not only by oil deals in West Africa, but also by Russia's financial sector. In Luanda Angola's first foreign-controlled bank has opened, owned 66% by Russia's foreign trade bank Vneshtorgbank.

Russia's Renaissance Capital group now owns 25% of Ecobank, the Nigerian bank which claims 450 branches in 22 countries. And the Renaissance group is also launching a $1bn African investment fund.

There has also been a Russian-South African tie-up between the world's two largest diamond producers De Beers and Alrosa, the largely state-owned Russian producer. The two signed a joint exploration agreement a joint exploration agreement to facilitate De Beers exploration in Russia which is said to have reserves potentially greater than Botswana's. This followed an EU anti-trust ruling barring De Beers from buying diamonds direct from Alrosa.

But diamonds apart, there is one significant difference between this Russian interest in energy and raw materials and its larger and more publicised Chinese comparator. While a major Chinese motive is the need for raw materials to fuel and feed China's soaring output, Russia is a major raw materials exporter. Indeed it is rising world raw material prices, partly fed by China's growing demand, which provides Russia with the cash resources to fund its purchases of African and global assets.
As Newsweek put it: 'Russia is the world's largest energy exporter, and has plenty of its own metals and minerals. But rich Russian companies want to extend their global reach while they have the money, and with oil approaching $100 a barrel in recent weeks [sic], the time is now. There's another motive, too, analysts say: moving empires beyond the reach of the Kremlin serves as insurance against future political changes in Russia'.

As a result, the detailed articulation of the relationship between the state and its geopolitical strategy, and the commercial interests of private capital are arguably different in the Russian and Chinese cases, though it may not be immediately clear how the difference should be characterised.

In energy for example, Russia's position as a net exporter enables the state to use its energy strategy as a geopolitical tool. While Russia is said to be running short of gas, this is partly due to the need to meet its considerable export commitments. Russia has been accused of attempting to use German and Ukrainian dependence on Russian gas as a means of political leverage. And at least one Russian analyst sees recent trends in Algerian policy as a reflection of Western fears of a Russian-Algerian energy tie-up being used in the same way.

Thus the Novosti News Agency reported in December 2007 :

"Algeria has joined the global fight for diversification of energy supplies... According to Andrei Maslov, director of Rosafroexpertiza, a Russian expert group on Africa, his view stems from news on the expiry of a memorandum of understanding, which Algeria's Sonatrach state oil and gas corporation and Russia's gas monopoly Gazprom signed in August 2006.

"Algeria earlier leaked that it was not satisfied with the quality of Russian military equipment. Surprisingly, the criticism came not from direct clients in the Algerian armed forces, but the civilian team of President Abdelaziz Bouteflika.

"The Russian expert sees a connection between the two incidents, especially if you take into account the high price of the question of Russian-Algerian strategic partnership. He writes that the two countries could jointly control up to 40% of gas supplies to the European Union. But Europe has opted for Algeria and Libya in an attempt to neutralize the growing influence of Gazprom.

"Europe's vigorous efforts to diversify supply routes have made Gazprom's presence in the two countries unacceptable to end gas consumers. The United States is also concerned ... Maslov writes that the end of hostilities in Algeria and growing oil and gas export revenues led to a lightning transfer of political influence from the army elite to the energy lobby. President Bouteflika, who had maintained a neutral stance for several years, took the side of the energy lobby - and received a pat on the back from his Western patrons, primarily the United States.

"The redivision of power affected Algeria's relationship with Russia, especially their military-technical cooperation. The Algerian army and law-enforcement and security bodies were pushed away from the economy, and also from domestic and foreign policy. Until recently, Russia's policy in Algeria was based on confidential relations with the most influential military and security groups, who have now been pushed aside. Therefore, the Kremlin cannot hope for any good news from the Algerian front soon, Maslov concludes."

But if so, Russia is fighting back. According to 'Africa Report' Putin in his recent visit to Libya concluded a $4.5bn debt cancellation and arms sales package combined with 'a raft of new oil and gas deals...the details of which have yet to be spelled out, and a partnership with the National Oil Corporation of Libya to produce, transport and sell oil and gas. This follows an agreement between Russia's Gazprom and Italy's ENI to work together in "third countries".This in its turn is said to be connected with plans for a gas pipeline between Libya and Sicily able to carry 8bn cubic metres of gas a year.

There is also talk of a grand $13bn trans-Sahara gas pipeline from the Niger Delta to the Algerian coast and thence to Europe [1]. While some experts consider this 'politically and technically impractical', the majority state-owned Gazprom's Chief Executive is said to be in continuing discussions with officials from the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC).
Whatever may become of these particular initiatives, the Russian state seems far more 'upfront' about pursuing its grand geopolitical projects than the more cautious and patient Chinese.

Russia's private sector too is prepared on occasion to operate with an unashamed directness where others might be more diplomatic.

Mark Buzuk, Africa Projects Manager for Vekselberg's Renova Group, has has expressed the view that 'rumours of corruption in Africa are vastly exaggerated'. But as a correspondent for the BBC's Russian Service put it: '"Many analysts think that the lack of transparency in African business often helps companies from those countries where bribing foreigners is not punished by law."

Buzuk's own boss Vekselberg should know about this, if an exposure shortly after Putin's 2006 visit in the Mail and Guardian is any guide. In 'the Oligarch, the ANC and the manganese deal', Vicki Robinson and Stefaans Brummer charged that 'When Vekselberg visited South Africa in February 2004, he got to meet the president, among others. Eighteen months later he co-owned rights to strategic manganese reserves in the Kalahari.

In the Mail and Guardian article, The oligarch, the ANC and the manganese deal the writers tell the reader that "this is the story of how the government, through the Department of Minerals and Energy (DME), awarded prospecting rights to a consortium set to benefit both Vekselberg, one of Russia's infamous oligarchs, and Chancellor House, the company we reveal to be an ANC business front.

The story is important because it suggests that the government was swayed by a mix of diplomatic expediency -- it was keen to improve economic relations with Russia in tandem with growing ties of friendship -- and the ruling party's funding needs."

The article goes on to show that Renova's BEE [Black Economic Empowerment] partner in the Kalahari deal was Chancellor House, an investment company used as a funding front by the ruling ANC.

It charges that 'The African National Congress's (ANC) Chancellor House group has targeted investments in sectors of the economy where government institutions dish out opportunities such as business rights or contracts. When companies in which Chancellor holds a share compete for such opportunities, the ruling party becomes both player and referee'.

The journalists also documented outstanding racketeering charges against Vekselberg in the US courts relating to the process by which he acquired control of his companies in the first place.
Those involved in the negotiations leading to the Kalahari deal have denied any wrongdoing, as has the management of Chancellor House. But since the change of leadership at the ANC's Polokwane Conference last December, the newly elected leadership has ordered a forensic audit of all empowerment deals and tenders that were received by Chancellor House.

This follows a decision of the Polokwane national conference in December calling for "an effective regulatory architecture for private funding of political parties and civil society groups to enhance accountability and transparency to the citizenry". It mandated the party's leadership to "urgently develop guidelines and policy on public and private funding, including how to regulate investment vehicles".

Cynics may claim that these decisions are more a reflection of factional score-settling within the ANC than a sign of any new leaves being turned. Presumably Mr Vekselberg will be among those awaiting the outcome. Source: Stephen Marks is a research associate with Fahamu
*
Additional Reading:
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Today In History
26th June
1974 British actor Richard Burton divorces his wife, American actress Elizabeth Taylor.

1284 The day, according to legend, when the 'Pied Piper' re-appeared in the German town of Hamelin. After ridding the town of rats the townspeople refused to pay him. So he began playing his pipe and 130 children from the town followed him into a cave in Koppenburg Mountain which he then sealed.

Do NOT Trade Diamonds from Venezuela

Now that Venezuela suspended itself from the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme for a period of at least two years, Avi Paz, president of the World Federation of Diamond Bourses (WFDB,) has called upon members of the 29 bourses affiliated to the WFDB to take all measures necessary to ensure that they do not trade, directly or indirectly, in diamonds originating from Venezuela.

"The WFDB and its member bourses have a cast-iron rule that rough diamonds can only be traded when they are accompanied by KP certificates," Paz stated.

"Any bourse member who trades in rough diamonds without KP certification is liable for expulsion from his bourse, which in all practical terms means the exclusion from the entire diamond business community," he said.

***

LONDON, June 25 (Reuters) - A global diamond trade group urged members on Wednesday to boycott diamonds from Venezuela after the country temporarily withdrew from the organisation that clamps down on so-called "blood diamonds".

Venezuela has been under fire from pressure groups, which said the South American nation was allowing large scale smuggling and flouting rules of the Kimberley Process, which certifies rough diamonds as legitimate.

"The World Federation of Diamond Bourses has called on members of the 29 bourses affiliated to the WFDB to take all measures necessary to ensure that they do not trade, directly or indirectly, in diamonds originating from Venezuela," the Antwerp-based trade group said in a statement.

Venezuela withdrew from the Kimberley Process for up to 24 months during a meeting of the organisation last week while it seeks to tighten controls over the diamond trade, Partnership Africa Canada said.

A report by the group said millions of dollars of diamonds have been illictly mined in Venezuela and smuggled into Guyana and Brazil.

Under the Kimberley Process, set up in 2000 after reports that smuggled diamonds were financing civil wars, governments certify rough diamonds as being mined legally.

The issue got renewed publicity in recent years with the Hollywood film Blood Diamond, which traced a story of how illegally-mined diamonds fuelled violence in Sierra Leone.

Additional Reading :

“The fact is that every single member of the diamond industry, consciously or not, benefited from the very stones that ruined Sierra Leone. That is the simple fact.”

Mr. Edward Zwick, whose movie " Blood Diamond" sparked a multimillion-dollar counter-P.R. campaign from the diamond industry.

There is strong anecdotal evidence that al Qaeda bought gems in the Congo-Kinshasa and Angola as well as Sierra Leone and Liberia.

The Congo, with its host of different armies dividing up the country for the purpose of looting, coupled with a long history of a rapacious state and corruption, is long known to be a major financial center for Hezbollah and other armed groups.

Fake Kimberley Process Certificates

Kimberley Process,Corruption & Integrity: Is it failing ? Certifigate 8

Panama Diamond Exchange Joins WFDB

Three New Member Bourses at World Diamond Congress
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Diamond Dealers Club Australia Joins WFDB
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DDCA - DIAMOND DEALERS CLUB OF AUSTRALIA
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WFDB gears up for the 2008 World Diamond Congress

Many events unfold at 33rd World Diamond Congress
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International Diamond Trade Organisations

Kosher Diamonds = Fair Trade Diamonds: Beginning of the New York Process

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Diamond Imports
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Fair Trade Diamonds


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Today in History 26th June 1945

U.N. Charter signed

Delegates from nations around the world sign the United Nations Charter on June 26, 1945. Even before celebrations for the end of World War II in Europe commenced, delegates from 51 nations began a 63-day conference in San Francisco to establish the United Nations, an organization designed to help ensure future world peace. The United States proposed establishing the world body in 1942, and the groundwork was laid at an Allied conference held in Washington in 1944. In April 1945, the international conference convened in California, culminating in the signing of the Charter. The first meeting of the U.N. General Assembly occurred in London early the next year.

Wednesday, June 25, 2008

Diamond Creators

Brit couple get baby daughters umbilical cord
made into diamond

London , June 24 (ANI): A Brit couple have got their baby daughters umbilical preserved in the form of a diamond.

For the purpose, Craig and Joanna Bradshaw contacted Mike Kelly of Phoenix Diamonds, who has already fashioned gems out of ashes.

Craig revealed that their idea was to celebrate their daughters birth in a unique manner.
"It’s a great way to celebrate our fourth child’s birth", The Mirror quoted Craig as saying.

The 35-year-old father, living in Salford , Lancs, forked out something between 5,000 to 7,000 pounds for the job. (ANI)

With the supply of rough gems likely to fall short of forecast demand in the next five to seven years, synthetic diamonds represent an emerging and exciting new component of the diamond industry, offering a partial solution to the problem of satisfying rising demand in certain categories. But they are no substitute for high-quality natural diamonds.

According to the new IDC rules, gem quality diamonds created in a laboratory or factory can be described as: “synthetic,” “laboratory-grown,” “laboratory-created,” or “man-made,” and the descriptor must always be followed by the word “diamond” or “diamonds.”
Under no circumstances can the term "cultured" be used to describe gem-quality synthetic diamonds.

Additonal Reading:

Lee Simmons Wants Diamond From Dog's Ashes

Alcoholic Diamonds

Lab Grown Diamonds: Applications V Gems

Laboratory Grown Diamonds Take Shape

GIA Examines the Newest Generation of Apollo CVD Synthetic Diamonds

First CVD Synthetic Diamond Submitted for Dossier Grading to GIA Lab

" DiamondSure " & " DiamondView "

Green Diamonds & Diamond Enhancement : HPHT and Irradiated Diamonds

Historical Feature: What does HPHT really stand for?

Diamond: Molecule of the Month

Hardness:Rhenium Diboride V Diamond

Fake Diamonds for Fake People

CIBJO, IDMA, WFDB Issue Joint Statement on Lab-grown Diamonds

Long-term outlook for diamond jewellery positive – analyst

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Australia's Leading Diamond Wholesaler



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Today in History 25th June 1950

Korean War begins

On June 25, 1950, nearly 100,000 North Korean troops storm across the 38th parallel, overwhelming the border's South Korean defenders. Two days later, U.S. President Harry Truman announced that the United States would intervene in the conflict, and on June 28, the United Nations approved the use of force against communist North Korea.In the opening months of the war, the U.S.-led U.N. forces rapidly advanced against the North Koreans, but in October, Chinese communist troops entered the fray, throwing the Allies into a general retreat. In 1953, a peace agreement was signed, ending the war and reestablishing the 1945 division of Korea that still exists today. U.N. and South Korean forces suffered some 500,000 casualties in the Korean War,while communist losses were at least three times that.

Tuesday, June 24, 2008

Diamonds: Some New Arrivals

RBC 489 Round Brilliant Cut 0.90 carat F VVS2 VG/EX Laser Inscribed DCLA#162107 AUD$8,492.00 GST Inclusive

RBC 490 Round Brilliant Cut 0.90 carat G VVS2 EX/EX Laser Inscribed DCLA#162108 AUD$7,898.00 GST Inclusive

RBC 491 Round Brilliant Cut 0.96 carat F SI2 VG/EX Laser Inscribed DCLA#162109 AUD$6,292.00 GST Inclusive

FS 461 Emerald Step Cut 1.43 carat D VVS2 VG Laser Inscribed DCLA#162110 AUD$15,169.00 GST Inclusive

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Today in History 24th June 1859

Swiss businessman Henri Dunant witnesses the aftermath of the Battle of Solferino in Italy - the large number of wounded soldiers, many of whom later die from their injuries, inspires him to found the International Red Cross.

The Diamond Vendor's Sale Gimmick ?

"Ideal is a bad word "
"No question about it: An ideal cut stone is a beautiful diamond."
*
"But it's a matter of taste.
There are thousands of variations that can lead to
an equally beautiful diamond."

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"It's a good marketing term, but you won't hear me use it,"


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Source: http://www.diamond-cut.com.au
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Is the Diamond Cutting Artisan Still Alive?
~~~
I found this comment by an anonymous Craig interesting in regard to the use of those vendors selling diamonds with optical viewers as selling tools:

"" Light enters a diamond from every angle not just one and therefore has many different combinations of angles that can give it the same fire.

The idea that there is a set formula is "marketing". And that little red loupe [ Ideal Scope ] that can separate the makes of the stones in my opinion a gimmick.

The appeal of diamond is the "fire".

Who wants a stone without fire, only light return?

If you have the little red loupe you can tell light return or H&A [ Hearts & Arrows ] but unless you look like a racoon with red eyes the chance of seeing hearts and arrows in a diamond or 98 % light return in a ring is NIL, NADA, NOTHING.

And anyone who claims they can is FOS.

Creating all these selling tools confuses customers, sell yourself and your jewellery.

I have never seen a H&A viewer at Tiffany's or Harry Winston, or for that matter Graff. Go figure.

It is more important for someone sees merit in you, than you see it in yourself. " 23-Jun-2008 08:55, Craig ""
~~~
The " little red loupe" refers to an eye glass called the Ideal-Scope developed by Garry Holloway of Melbourne to facilitate viewing diamonds with the above patterns. ((( See :-) something goood can actually come of Melbourne)))
*
The more red seen denotes maximum light return. This is not necessarily an iron clad rule.

Any clear colourless / white patches indicates unplanned light leakage as indicated by either shallow or deep stones.

Deeper stones usually have the darker appearing centres.
Shallow stones are sometimes referred to as "fisheyes".
*
The principle being that the more excellent the proportions of a diamond the higher the light return combined with perfect optical symmetry.
*
It's partly true but this does not measure the "fire" of a diamond that is the sparkle , scintillation or dispersion of white light seen in the colour flashes when viewing a diamond.
*
The " little red loupe" can be used indeed as a convenient tool to prove simply to the diamond buyer that he may be dealing with an " expert ".
*
The idea is not a new one. For years diamond cutters inserted aluminium alfoil on the inside of their loupes when cutting diamonds to reach the same desired affect.
*
Craig has a very valid point. He writes as someone who has experience in diamond cutting and an axe to grind pardon the pun.

A lot of importance has been placed on the combination of maxiumum light return combined with optical symmetry of the H & A phenomena.

The H & A optical phenomena which was discovered accidently and then developed about 15 years ago as a marketing tool in the affluent times of the 80's in Japan is pointless when the diamond is set in a ring. A diamond's classification as a genuine H & A can only be viewed effectively when the diamond is loose with the table down and the culet pointing up.

Diamond Imports has Hearts & Arrows diamonds independently confirmed by DCLA certification and it is stated as such on the DCLA certificate.

Most diamonds display the H & A phenomena to a certain degree anyway so those who are seeking a genuine H & A are usually convinced by unscrupulous diamond vendors that they are buying such a diamond. Beware of GIA Lasered "H & A" Diamonds
*
Unless you were prepared to set your round brilliant diamond upside down there is no point but obviously the better the H & A effect the sharper the face up pattern of a diamond will appear depending on the length and width of the lower pavillion ( radiant ) facets which provide the " brightness positive plus contrast" displayed in the AGS graded diamond pictured below.
*
The difference in the length and width of these radiant facets on the pavillion of the diamond can affect the diamond's brightness. Some cutters make the radiant facets broad darkening the centre of the diamond while others make the radiant facet skinner allowing more light in the diamond centre without sacrficing the desired optical symmetry.

For more examples see the diamond photographs here.

The difference in cutting styles that have developed over the last one hundred years in regard to round brilliant cut (RBC's) diamonds have been sold and marketed with little regard to light return and symmetry until only in the last ten years.

It's not really something new but with the advent of hi tech cut grade formulas that now lend themselves to computerised cutting rather than the "old" ways of yesteryear when a diamond cutter was a true artisan using his skills with hand and eye are fastly disappearing.

Prior to the evolution of the round brilliant cut diamond, the cushion cut styles of old mine cuts were and are the best examples of this diamond fire.

The evolution of the round brilliant cut has developed into a highly sophisticated one so much so that with computer aided equipment diamond cutters now utilise they can almost make the same replicas of diamonds repeatedly.
*
This uniformity is making round brilliants very commercialised and sterile.

Fancy shaped diamonds ,that is not rounds, for me are more interesting and lend themselves to more unique designs. Fancy shapes are also more affordable in comparison to similar quality and size rounds.

Fancy shaped diamonds is where the new sophisticated diamond cad designs are the most beneficial for the diamond industry if they are to develop new exciting shapes that take advantage of the " fire".

Light return and symmetry can not be ignored BUT if all diamonds look exactly the same, as in round brilliants, then diamond purchases will no longer feel special or personal.

Without fire in a diamond the gemstone will look lifeless and dull. It is a major contributing factor that can only be viewed and appreciated with your own eyes rather than ray tracing equipment and other optical devices and gimmicks that provide the illusion you are dealing with a self appointed diamond expert.

Diamonds that explode with superior beauty and brilliancy should be chosen by the eye of the beholder rather than just relying on the statistics of formulae and certificates.

In summary it is important not to overlook the fire and brilliance of a diamond.It is important to combine both this fire and brilliance with the maximum light return and optical symmetry, that is brightness, rather than just on one single aspect alone.
*
We find the Ideal-Scope Reference Chart pictured above a handy reference tool but it only represents one aspect of diamond selection.
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This is why a Diamond Imports Visual Diamond Comparison ™ is essential prior to purchase. This can only be achieved because all our diamonds are in stock !
*
Our Visual Diamond Comparison ™ or VDC™ provides the client with the perfect opportunity to visually see the differences between diamonds.

Brightness is the amount of white light returned to the observer according to GIA and American Gem Society (AGS)

In the trade brightness is often called brilliance

According to Pagel-Theisen's book " Diamond Grading ABC " the term "brilliance" involves several distinct optical processes in a diamond as follows:

1) Internal Brilliance
2) External Brilliance (lustre)
3) Dispersive Brilliance (fire)
4) Scintillation Brilliance ( sparkle) ( Pages 176-177)

AGS defines brilliance as " brightness plus positive contrast" in other words a brilliant diamond appears bright "with an attractive distribution of contrasting dark and bright areas".
According to Renee Newman GG in her " Diamond Handbook" Revised 2nd Edition 2008 Page 13 uses brightness " to specifically refer to the intensity of internal and external light return".

Hope this helps and Hoooroooo from De Guru
*
Comments and Replies:
*
*23-Jun-2008 22:43, Garry Holloway

"" Hi Craig,

Firstly, ideal-scope costs me $’s to sell – the sales are small and I never tried to protect it.

I am not here to push it on you or anyone else.

My great passion is finding ways people can turn valuable rough into desirable diamonds.

The more differentiated the better.

I am with you, not against.e.g. imagine the most firey diamond – it will have a little less light return, and probably some dark zones – maybe even a fish eye etc. But it could work great at night.

NIGHT TIME DIAMONDS!!!! And the rough need not be top colour and clarity since you cant see the difference at night very easily.

How is that for adding value to rough? How do you do it?
You use designers, scientists, engineers and artists, just like all other industries.

You use the latest technology and tools.

We have got our selves stuck in a cottage industry in the dark ages. It is time to get out and play.

My little pink shot glass is just one of many tools. It cant do everything, but it does a lot for a little :-)

Cheers Garry ""
~~~
*23-Jun-2008 23:05, van

""Gary your a gentleman and do not allow some of these attacks to bother you.

Thank you for answering the questions that people have and telling us your opinions.

I personally like diamonds with a balance scintillation and brillance.

My favorite diamond was one over 70.00 cts and was old cushion cut in the 18th century and was cut almost exactly as the historic regent diamond.

Other dealers went nuts over it .

I have seen all kinds of diamonds but this one was by far the most beautiful I have owned.

My partners were very sad as I when it was sold .

We would of held it for years but one of our partners was very sick and it had to be sold.

It was the last important diamond he had before dying and this diamond really put a smile on his face. "" [ Doesn't that say it all ? ]
~~~
"" 24-Jun-2008 21:56, Garry Holloway
*
But ‘ideal’ is a word I wish I had not chosen for my pink shot glass.

Ideal is a bad word because as Sergey Sivovolenko and Dr. Yuri Shelementiev point out, it leaves no room for better than ideal.

We have assumed for too long that there can be no better cut than an ideal Tolkowsky round.

It is one of the main reasons that we have not yet developed a normal market basis in our diamond industry.

Why “diamonds are ingredients in jewellery” to quote Dilip Mehta.

When we unleash this industry it will be because diamond manufacturers realize they can make better cuts than IDEAL cuts.

But that will only happen when there are manufacturers who are prepared to become the Diamond Swarovski’s. And that will take some big changes.

My observation is that the factories are run by the descendants or kids who did good at engineering and science. Some (like Parag Shah from KG) are also gifted designers and marketing people (and also an economist reader).

Where as most marketing departments are run by the descendants who were good at accounting and systems. The marketing departments of diamond companies are not real marketing companies – they are sales and inventory management operations.

Marketing is taking an adv in Rap or IDEX and booking and holding trade fair events, running a travelling sales force.

In other industries MARKETING is all about building demand and sales is about supplying the required goods to fill that demand.

The kids who were good at arts law either got jobs outside the family biz – or they were not valued and stuck in a safe place or dead end. Of course today those kids leave the family biz and earn heaps more as bankers, lawyers etc.

So what did IDEAL have to do with this?

Well it stopped the marketing people who do not exist from telling the manufacturers to design what the market wants.

And the manufacturers could not have done this anyway because they are engineers not artists.

But sadly that is how all the luxury goods companies who are wiping the floor with us operate.

And guess what – they get to use our commoditized goods for nearly free and add huge markups because they know how to design and make stuff.

So here is the crunch or punch line.

Most great brands are manufactures like Apple, Nokia, Swarovski, Graff, Tiffany, Faberge , MacDonald’s, Michelin, Rolex, LVMH. They were manufactures first and foremost .

They created consumer brands because they can created new products and services.

Most strong retail brands are discounters like Wall-Mart, Amazon and Bluenile.

What new products has your diamond company produced?Or your diamond supplier?

Oh, sorry, its ideal cuts, the very best ideal cuts with the latest and greatest polishers and technology.

That really is IDEAL............... ""

Additional Reading:

Historical Feature 1997 : Are Ideal-cut diamonds really ideal?

Beware of GIA Lasered "H & A" Diamonds

Buy the Diamond, NOT the Brand

10X Loupe ~The Gemologists Best Friend

Buying Diamonds

Dazzling Cushion Cut Diamond 39.34 carats D Colour, Internally Flawless, Type IIa

Round Brilliants: Analysis Of Brilliance










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Today in History 24th June 1901

Picasso exhibited in Paris

On June 24, 1901, Pablo Picasso shows his paintings for the first time in Paris at a gallery on the prestigious rue Lafitte. The 19-year-old Spanish artist was at the time a relative unknown outside of Barcelona, but he had already produced hundreds of paintings. Today, his life's work could fill an entire museum and offers histories on a variety of art movements. For most of his creative career, Picasso seemed more interested in creating form than in imitating it, but his first Paris exhibition offered moody, representational paintings by a young artist with obvious talent. Once described as a millionaire with a castle and a communist party card, Picasso refused to slow down until his death at age 91.

Picasso Exhibition Brisbane Queensland Australia

9th June -14th September 2008

‘Picasso & his collection’ will present over 100 works from Pablo Picasso's personal art collection. More than 80 important works by Picasso have been selected to hang alongside works from his collection by friends and contemporaries to highlight their inspiration and direct relationships.

Monday, June 23, 2008

Risky Business for Diamond Miners

Diamonds aren't a miner's best friend
as prices languish

Carolyn Cui June 23, 2008

DIAMONDS may be forever. Diamond mining, maybe not.
With growth in diamond prices trailing far behind that of most commodities, some miners are turning their sights towards gold, iron ore and phosphate instead of sparkle.

Flinders Diamonds, an Australian miner, recently reassessed its exploration areas and identified a target in Western Australia for iron ore, prices of which have been soaring along with demand for steel. It changed its name to Flinders Mines Ltd to reflect its expanded focus. Its shares soared on the April announcement.

Last June diamond miner Sierra Leone Diamond decided to change its name to African Minerals Ltd to reflect its exploration of precious and base metals across the African continent.

Bonaparte Diamond Mines of Australia just concluded a diamond joint venture in Namibia to focus instead on exploring a phosphate project there because "the economic return" from diamonds "doesn't warrant moving into the next phase", managing director Michael Woodborne said. Prices of phosphate, a key component in fertiliser, are up dramatically.

For miners, the opportunity cost of investing time and shareholder money in diamonds is just part of the problem.

On the demand side, diamond sales, at least in the US, have been struggling. Citing a sluggish US market, which accounts for about 50 per cent of the total, De Beers reported a 3.7 per cent fall in revenue to $US5.9 billion last year.

Compared to most commodities, diamond prices had been "extremely unexciting" over the past few years, said Charles Wyndham who keeps a wholesale diamond price index.

This year, it is flat, and up 3.6 per cent from a year earlier. Over the same time, S&P GSCI, a commodities benchmark, is up 37.6 per cent and 73.5 per cent respectively.

The departure from diamond mining marks a reversal from several years ago.

At least 60 new diamond mining companies sprang up after diamond giant De Beers went private in 2001, estimated David Hargreaves, a mining and gemstone consultant to British-based broker Hoodless Brennan.

Yet, some newcomers may be finding that diamond mining is a trying and costly endeavour. Even if you found a diamond mine, it might take seven to 10 years before it produced, Mr Hargreaves said.

Diamond mining is viewed as the "worst kind of gambling", said Theo Botoulas, chief executive of BRC DiamondCore Ltd, a diamond miner in South Africa.

In January, Tahera Diamond Corp, a Canadian miner, ceased operations and filed for bankruptcy court protection.

"Not every diamond mine will be successful. It's a very high-risk business," said Gareth Penny, De Beers' managing director.

Still, several players, like BRC, are keeping at it. They argue that long-term demand for diamonds worldwide is good, and prices of big, better quality stones have risen rapidly.
Instead of shunning the gem business, Canadian miner Aber Diamond Corp took full ownership of Harry Winston Diamond Corp and focused on high-end retail sales before it started trading under its new name on the New York Stock Exchange in November.

The company reported a 10 per cent increase in overall revenue for the first quarter because of strong sales growth in Asia and Europe, though its mining production fell 31 per cent.

De Beers has said it expects demand from markets like China, India, the Middle East and Russia to grow. It has raised prices of rough diamonds by an average of 8.5 per cent so far this year.

De Beers has been aggressively investing in new mining projects and will bring four major projects into full production this year.

Rio Tinto, which produced 16 per cent of the world's rough diamonds by volume in 2007, expects diamond prices to rise in response to "a sizeable supply gap" this year and that demand will outpace supply for the next decade.

Meanwhile, British-based Diapason Commodities Management is planning to launch a "diamond fund" soon, in the form of a listed investment firm whose portfolio will be polished diamonds.

"Mining is a long-term game," said Mr Wyndham. "Those who are switching back and forth from one commodity to another usually won't succeed." The Wall Street Journal

Additional Reading:

Risky Business

Russian Update

The Three Industry Wild Cards

The 5th Anniversary of the Kimberey Process

The Kimberly Process (KP)

The Father of Blood Diamonds : Jamil Sayid Mohamed

Ernest Oppenheimer - Capturing the Supply

The Good, The Bad & The Ugly :Belgian Post Celebrates Diamonds with Reena Ahluwalia's "Bel Canto" Postage Stamp

Diamonds-The Universal Gem & Portability of Wealth

Historical Feature : The Role of Conflict Diamonds in al Qaeda's Financial Structure

Kimberley Process,Corruption & Integrity: Is it failing ? Certifigate 8

Liberia: 75 Million British Pounds Spent On Taylor's Trial So Far

The Lure of Sierra Leone Diamonds

Gertler,Steinmetz,Russians,Americans, Germans, Belgians,Australians,The Congo, Others ? Blame those Zionists ...Again

Sierra Leone: Who Owns The Country's Diamonds?

Insider witness tells of taking arms, diamonds for Charles Taylor

“MERCHANT OF DEATH” ARRESTED IN THAILAND

The Trial of Charles Taylor

Fair Trade Diamonds

Kosher Diamonds = Fair Trade Diamonds: Beginning of the New York Process

Is Africa Ready For Beneficiation?

Belgium : The Ugly Forgotten Truth

Additional Reading on Past Belgian Atrocities & More:

The Crime of the Congo By Arthur Conan Doyle Historical
King Leopold II of Belgium Killer File Historical
Belgium's Imperialist Rape of Africa Historical
ILLICIT DIAMONDS FLOW Current: Antwerp during the Blood Diamond (Conflict Diamond) era and still today is the major world rough diamond recipient headquarter

***

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Today in History 23rd June 1956

Colonel Gamal Abdel Nasser becomes President of Egypt after an election in which voting is compulsory and he is the only candidate

Sunday, June 22, 2008

Ellen Gives Portia Pink Diamonds for 'Dream Wedding'

Ellen DeGeneres gave Portia de Rossi ( Born in Geelong Victoria Australia ) a glittering ring with pink diamonds for their upcoming wedding that will air in part on DeGeneres's talk show. "We have set a wedding date," said DeGeneres, who walked the red carpet with de Rossi at Friday night's 35th Annual Daytime Emmy Awards at the Kodak Theater in Hollywood.

De Rossi wore a green satin Lanvin gown and a Neil Lane ring on her wedding finger. The ring was a marquise cut diamond set with pink diamonds. DeGeneres, 50, who won an Emmy for outstanding talk-show host for the fourth year in a row, announced her plans to wed longtime girlfriend de Rossi, on her show back in May, shortly after California's Supreme Court ruled the previous ban on gay marriages as unconstitutional.

The two stars are in the midst of preparations for what DeGeneres calls "the dream wedding." "Planning a wedding is very stressful," says DeGeneres. "It is crazy. My gardener is now invited."

The comedienne remained tight-lipped on the major details of her upcoming nuptials to de Rossi, 35, only revealing that "incredible people" would be performing, and that she would air part of the ceremony on her show. But there are no signs of any pre-wedding jitters for DeGeneres.

"I can't wait to be married. I feel like it is long overdue," she said. "And I think someday people will look back on this like women not having the right to vote and segregation and anything else that seems ridiculous like we all don't have the same rights."

The two stars began dating in December 2004. Source

Additional Reading:

Catherine Zeta-Jones’ nuptial promise to Michael Douglas was sealed with a 10-carat antique horizontal set marquise diamond.

The other name for a marquise cut is navette usually applying to small marquises from the old French meaning little boat hence the shape.

Pink Diamonds: Ellendale Diamond Field

Certifigate 4 : Upgrading the Jennifer Lopez Pink

Marquise of the Week

Marquise Cut aka Navette Cut

Pink Diamonds & Retail Jewellers' Enquiries

Record-Breaking Prices for Rio Tinto's Pink Diamonds

Fancy Colored Pink Diamonds

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Diamond Imports

Our Stock #FS 453 Marquise 0.90 carat D IF Excellent Finish DCLA#161447

Marquise Cut Diamonds


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Today in History 22nd June 1937

Louis becomes champ

Joe Louis wastes few punches and fewer words in becoming heavyweight champ by knocking out Jim Braddock on June 22, 1937. Louis was the first African-American heavyweight champion in 22 years and had been denied earlier title shots because of his race. Already a hero to African-Americans everywhere, he became a hero to all Americans when he defeated former champion Max Schmeling exactly one year after beating Braddock. Nazis had hailed the German Schmeling as the ideal Aryan specimen, and Louis's victory over him was celebrated across the United States. His was the longest heavyweight reign in history: he won 25 title fights over nearly 12 years.

HRD Antwerp offering jewelry design course


June 16, 2008 Antwerp, Belgium—

HRD Antwerp NV is now offering a five-day design course in contemporary diamond jewelry in Antwerp, Belgium.

The course is designed to educate designers on how to translate their creative ideas into practical concepts on paper.

Students will learn the fundamentals of modern diamond-jewelry design and the aesthetics of presentation on paper.Instructors for the class are Laurent-Max De Cock, a jewelry designer and associate professor at the Royal Academy of Fine arts in Antwerp, and Veerle Van Wilder, associate professor at St. Lucas in Antwerp and also a jewelry designer.

According to a release from HRD Antwerp NV, the dates for the Contemporary Diamond Jewellery Design Course in English are July 28-Aug. 1, Oct. 20-24 and April 2-6, 2009.

HRD Antwerp NV also will offer the course in French from Feb. 2-6, 2009.

Classes are limited to 15 students and no previous experience is required.

For more information, contact HRD Antwerp's educational department at education@hrdantwerp.be.HRD Antwerp NV is a subsidiary of the Antwerp World Diamond Centre, the private foundation formerly known as the Hoge Raad voor Diamant (HRD). HRD Antwerp operates the Diamond Lab, the Precious Stones Lab, Education, Graduates Club, Equipment and Research.

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Educational Organisations & Courses

1) HRD : Highly conservative and respected. One of only five IDC diamond grading laboratories worldwide.

International Diamond Council (IDC) Laboratory.
The IDC is the governing body established by the (WFDB) World Federation of Diamond Bourses and the International Diamond Manufactures Association (IDMA).
These two bodies are the worlds highest Authorities in Diamonds.

2) SSEF Swiss Gemmological Institute : Diamond Comparison Master Set Specialists

3) TAFE Technical & Further Education Courses NSW Australia

4) GIA Gemological Institute of America : An outstanding educational and research organisation

BUT

In light of the GIA bribery scandal ," Certifigate " , and our strong support of Chaim Even-Zohar's revelations..... Diamond Imports refuse to stock ANY NEW GIA graded diamonds offered to us both for ethical reasons and many inaccurate diamond colour and clarity grades.

Likewise anyone dealing in GIA graded diamonds is NOT someone we wish to deal with until GIA’s Gem Trade Laboratory decides to disclose the GIA bribers' names and comes clean in order to inadvertently avoid dealing with a GIA briber.

*The Gemological Institute of America (GIA) is NOT an IDC Laboratory*

DO NOT TAKE THE GIA GAMBLE !

6) GAA Gemmological Association of Australia : A domestic Australian association that is useful for those who are unable to travel overseas with state branch offices.

Currently there are members who are issuing diamond grading reports that are unrecognised by the WFDB and CIBJO and are unaccredited.

Exercise caution when dealing with Non Compliant Diamond Grading Laboratories . They are a menace to the diamond consumer.

IT IS THE DIAMOND BUYER'S OWN RESPONSIBILITY TO EXERCISE CAUTION WHEN PURCHASING A DIAMOND.

In Australia, deceptive official looking UNRECOGNISED diamond grading laboratory certificates from PSEUDO "labs" that sound reputable shouldn't be trusted. Neither should any merchant who presents one.

7) Australian Gemmologist On-Line

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Saturday, June 21, 2008

Russian Update

Russia diamond exports reach over $400 million in Q1/2008

MOSCOW, June 19 (RIA Novosti) - Russia exported 6.65 million carats of diamonds in the first quarter of 2008, earning a total of $414.8 million, Russia's Finance Ministry said on Thursday.

EU countries, the largest importers of Russian diamonds, bought 5.1 million carats at an estimated $305.2 million.

In January-March this year, Russia imported over 65,500 carats for $10.1 million, with over 60,000 from EU member-states.

Russia's largest diamond producer Alrosa sold diamonds worth $154 million last year. Alrosa, which accounts for 97% of Russian and 25% of global diamond output, produced diamonds worth $2.37 billion in 2007.

Alrosa sold rough diamonds worth upwards of $17 million at an auction Thursday.

334 diamonds, with a total weight of 5,200 carats were sold at the 29th special international auction, with the largest diamond weighing 39.36 carats, RIA reported.

Companies from Russia, Israel, Belgium, India and the UAE participated in the auction.

Alrosa and the auction’s organizers said in a statement that the combined overall starting price for all the lots was exceeded by over 82 percent.

One lot in particular sold for about $48,000 per carat, a record price.

Russia gained a majority stake in diamond mining company ALROSA through the issue of new shares, local media reported Wednesday citing a company statement.

Through the share placement, the government raised its stake in ALROSA from 37 percent to 50 percent plus one share, while the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia,) where ALROSA’s diamonds are mined, retained its 32 percent share. The eight districts in Yakutia kept their 8 percent collective interest, RIA Novosti (Russian News and Information Association) reported.

Picture shows a handful of diamonds weighing over 50 carats each, found in various pipes of Yakutia, inspected at a sorting point in the town of Mirny in western Yakutia, August 30, 2001. The kimberlite pipes of Yakutia remain Russia's main source of diamonds.

REUTERS/Sergei Karpukhin --- Image by © Reuters/CORBIS

The press reports did not say who owned the remaining 10 percent.

Under the previous structure "diamond industry employees and other individuals,” owned 23 percent, according to ALROSA's website.

This move by the government has been in the works for more than two years.

ALROSA shareholders agreed in November 2007 to raise the government’s stake through the issue of 72,726 shares valued at RUB 13,502 ($571.8) per share.

ALROSA is the world's second largest producer of rough diamonds behind De Beers.

Additional Reading:

The Three Industry Wild Cards

Alrosa chief says weak dollar will force diamond industry to act

The Russians Are Coming The Russians Are Coming

Vybornov: Demand is Growing and the Supply is a “Bit Stuck” Versus Siberian Diamonds Limited

Historical Feature:The Lev Leviev Group Takes on De Beers

Natalia Sarsadskikh - Indicator Trailblazer at Yakut - World's Largest Diamond Mine Part 2 Mirny Siberia

World's Largest Diamond Mine

Ganz: There is No Shortage of Rough and Surplus of Polished Diamonds :Moti Ganz's full speech

The Third International Rough Diamond Conference Overwhelming Success

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Today in History 21st June
1967 Australian actress Nicole Kidman born.
1990 An estimated 100,000 are killed in northern Iran following an earthquake measuring 7.5 on the Richter Scale

Friday, June 20, 2008

The Three Industry Wild Cards

" The formal pretext of the St. Petersburg meeting is to
change the currency
in which diamonds are traded from U.S. dollars to Swiss francs."

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At a recent exercise to forecast the direction our industry is heading, which included analyzing economic as well as supply and demand factors, the crucial final words were “and then, of course, we have the three industry wild cards” – a number of factors that causally contribute to the outcome. These wild cards bear names: Nicky Oppenheimer, Sergei Vybornov and Ian Khama. They represent major issues where conjecture is rife and where facts are harder to ascertain in advance.

Wild Card Number 3: Sergei Vybornov

Let’s take it from the bottom up. Wildcard Number 3 is Alrosa’s president Sergei Vybornov, who, lately, hasn’t hidden his personal dislike of the way diamonds are marketed. In a scheduled 45-minute keynote address to the recent Diamond World Congress in Shanghai, it took him barely 45 seconds to get his message across: Swarovski produces glass, but sells it as if it were diamonds. We produce diamonds, but sell it as if it were glass,” he thundered, adding that he wouldn’t ride in a Mercedes Benz “because it feels to him as having a Volkswagen.” Then he sat down.

Vybornov’s address was the shortest ever given at a World Congress – even shorter than the “greetings” that opened most speeches. Insiders say that Vybornov would want nothing less than seeing a doubling or tripling of diamond prices and getting some decent generic marketing on the ground to achieve that objective.

We now are getting the “by invitation only” to Vybornov’s St. Petersburg conclave, illustrating that he is putting his money where his mouth is. On June 29, a dozen of the industry’s major players will sit around a table in a closed room. The list of invitees includes not only major miners such as Gareth Penny (De Beers), Varda Shine (DTC), Bill Champion (Rio Tinto), Graham Kerr (BHP Billiton), Bob Gannicott (Harry Winston Diamond Corporation) and Manuel Ganga (Catoca), but also the producers’ main downstream partners. Thus we see names such as Dilip Mehta (Rosy Blue), Chaim Pluczenik (Pluczenik), Kaushik Mehta (Eurostar), Isaac Tache (Tache), Lev Leviev (LLD), Nir Livnat (Steinnmetz Group) and Maurice Tempelsman (Lazare Kaplan).
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The intriguing additional participants represent the jewelry world: Francesco Trapani (Bulgari), Michael Kowalski (Tiffany), Bernard Arnault (LVMH), Mark Light (Sterling), Laurence Graff (Graff) and Johan Rupert (Richemont). And there are still more invitees such as Paul Goris (Antwerp Diamond Bank) and Patrick Kwok (Chow Tai Fook). That the World Diamond Council (WDC) is supposed to meet in Antwerp at the same time is apparently as relevant as the relevancy of the WDC itself. Actually, trade and industry bodies (WFDB, IDMA, CRJP, CIBJO, etc.) and the occasional NGO, which generally dominate industry events, are specifically and deliberately not invited by Vybornov

The formal pretext of the St. Petersburg meeting is to change the currency in which diamonds are traded from U.S. dollars to Swiss francs. This is tantamount to changing Coca Cola into Pepsi. Another grand objective presumably is finding ways to sell more diamonds at higher prices worldwide.

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In the past decades, we have spent tons of ink writing about ex-Sightholders angrily petitioning the Competition Authorities because they had been denied “their right” to purchase rough from De Beers. Vybornov, in contrast, is the only producer ever who has gone to court to retain the right to sell rough to De Beers. He clearly likes the cartel model.

The Russian frustration is understandable. It must be shared by all producers, especially Rio Tinto and BHP Billiton, who are seeing prices in all other commodities going through the roof. Of course, the other commodities have high utilitarian value and are traded in much more transparent market environments... Vybornov’s comparison with Swarovski is understandable but misguided: until Alrosa and other producers can dig up made-to-order diamonds, such comparisons will only produce frustrations but not results.

It is impossible to turn the clock back and reach some tacit collusion on pricing issues. If producers do endeavor to push up the prices artificially, too much out of sync with the polished and retail markets, I think the downstream players will simply not tolerate it beyond a certain point – and we may not be too far away from that situation. Even though everyone views gold, a simple commodity that is traded on the open market, as a safe haven in turbulent times, gold price over the long term has not kept up with inflation. So why should diamond prices outperform gold?

What Vybornov and other St. Petersburg participants must keep in mind is that the current consumer market offers a growing number of other options for discretionary spending; there may come a tipping point where consumers will wonder why they should bother with diamonds. This is especially true in the context that, as an industry, we are heavily reliant on low-income consumers in order to sell cheap near-gem diamonds, which, in turn, economically justifies having mining sites to begin with.

If the St. Petersburg meeting honestly and thoroughly addresses these issues, it potentially could “make a difference.” Vybornov has guts. At the Antwerp diamond conference last year, he told the audience that cutting and polishing in Russia doesn’t make economic sense. When he spoke, there were, by my calculation, some two dozen active manufacturing units throughout Russia. That has now dwindled to merely a handful.

Vybornov has always impressed me as being extremely sharp, quite unpredictable, and sometimes kind of odd, but always determined and self-assured. He is undoubtedly going to make an impact on the diamond business beyond just producing in Russia and Angola.

This makes him one of the Wild Cards.

Wild Card Number 2: Nicky Oppenheimer

It is now June 2008. It is from this month onwards that Anglo American can give Nicky Oppenheimer the one-year termination notice ending the Oppenheimers’ sole right to determine the directors and management of De Beers. Let there be no misunderstanding: this notice will definitely be given, though not necessarily publicly announced. We want to set the record straight: this has nothing to do with the performance of De Beers the ability of the Oppenheimer family in managing De Beers. At thesor 2001 privatization of De Beers, the management contract was agreed to for strictly legal reasons, also to “distance” Anglo American somewhat from the management of what then still was an illegal cartel.

The legal situation has changed, so there is no valid reason why a 45 percent owner of De Beers would allow a 40 percent partner manage it all. It is our understanding that Oppenheimer may have done a “favor” to Anglo American by agreeing to the arrangement – even though he was handsomely rewarded for it. For those unfamiliar with the management contract (and that probably includes DTC managers who were still in cosmetics or other private enterprise in 2001), let’s briefly recall it.

At a cost of $17.6 billion, Oppenheimer completed the management buy-out of De Beers, taking the company private in 2001. The Oppenheimers’ ownership in De Beers went up from three percent to (effectively) 40 percent, with Anglo American and Botswana holding 45 percent and 15 percent, respectively. Oppenheimer, through the family company Central Holding Limited (CHL), “will contribute to the strategic development and growth of De Beers and to general marketing initiatives of De Beers and relationships with key customers and suppliers. In addition, CHL will be responsible for the appointment of senior executives and directors of De Beers.” For making this contribution “CHL will receive management fees of US$5 million per annum in respect of each of the years 2001 to 2007 inclusive.” In addition, CHL also may earn incentives (based on performance) worth of up to $10 million in each of those years.

So the agreed “money part” is now over, until Anglo American and Botswana want to extend that element of the package. But the key provision is that Anglo American has the right “to terminate the management contract on 12 month’s written notice given at any times after the seventh anniversary of completion of the privatization transaction” – and that date has now arrived.

Here begins the Wild Card element. Will the Oppenheimers be content “to hang around,” relinquishing their current near-absolute control to a decision-making process reflecting the wishes of the relevant shareholders? In any instance the Oppenheimers and Anglo American may disagree, Botswana would have the swing-vote. Or will the Oppenheimers start preparing their exit to devote more time to pan-African development issues? The betting is on the latter.

It isn’t clear whether the latter scenario would also entail a change in ownership; it probably will. De Beers has become a seller of mines. Though officially only Canada’s Gahcho Kue property is for sale, the investment community believes that De Beers will accept any reasonable offer for Snap Lake and Victor as well. [De Beers’ faithful spokesperson Lynette Gould says these properties are not for sale.]

South Africa’s Cullinan has now gone to Petra. De Beers is clearly in a selling mode, with future earnings coming from Forevermark franchising, diamond jewelry retail sales, etc. If there is going to be an Oppenheimer exit, Jonathan Oppenheimer would most likely walk away with the synthetics part – and become the world’s largest supplier of gem-quality man-made diamonds.

Would an Oppenheimer exit impact the business? You can bet your last dollar on it – no other name has such an association to diamonds. The name adds stability, continuity and comfort – not just for direct stakeholders but also for banks, consumers and beyond. Even after ceasing to be the industry’s godfather, the Oppenheimer family remained the industry’s anchor.

The more compelling argument is that Oppenheimer is a “known factor.” Needless to say, better the devil you know…

Wild Card Number 1: Botswana’s President Khama

Market speculation that the Botswana government would “buy out” the Oppenheimers and that De Beers would become a joint venture between Botswana and Anglo American seems to have no basis in fact. At least not at the present time. At best, it might have been a trial balloon to gauge reactions.

The Debswana diamond company has hired the Monitor Consulting Group – which clearly signals that something is brewing. Monitor is a leading international strategy consulting firm with an active involvement – and known expertise – in mergers and acquisitions and private equity practices. Its worldwide network of thought leaders includes Harvard’s Michael Porter, who has done research on, and work for, De Beers.

Why would Debswana – the flagship company in the De Beers stable – need strategic advice on mergers and acquisitions? It would have been easier to understand if advice was sought on branding issues. At the very same time that De Beers changes the name of its marketing department to simply “Forevermark,” the Botswana government announces its own branding initiatives. Hello? Isn’t Botswana the main part of De Beers?

Though not solely operating in diamonds, the Brand Botswana Management Organisation (BBMO) has a new board of directors, which was appointed by President Ian Khama. This BBMO is a subsidiary of the Botswana Export Development and Investment Authority (BEDIA), chaired by the CEO of BEDIA, Dorcas Makgato-Malesu. The BBMO board also includes Sheila Khama, who serves as CEO of De Beers Botswana. A trade minister said last week that the BBMO “launch marks another important step in the implementation of the Botswana brand. The implementation, if properly done, would create a long-lasting legacy that would improve Botswana’s global visibility and competitiveness not only for goods and services but also for foreign direct investment.”

Botswana is clearly and quickly becoming the center of what remains of De Beers and the DTC. It isn’t growing only on the mining, rough distribution and manufacturing sides, it may surprise us with introducing a Botswana diamond brand that would compete head-on with the Forevermark brand.

A caveat is in order. Any decent diamantaire must be supportive of the Botswana efforts – the country deserves to succeed, for its sake and for the industry’s sake. But will it? Looking southwards to South Africa, well-intended government officials are in the process of destroying their own manufacturing sector. It’s not yet lost – but it is heading in the wrong direction, operating in a shrinking rough environment. Some firms may survive; none will grow. Can Botswana do better? We hope so – but we don’t know.

Who will produce the “big ideas” of the future, concepts comparable to the tennis bracelet, Journey jewelry, the triple-diamond rings, which quickly captured huge market shares? Is that going to be a BBMO task? Botswana has leveraged its mineral wealth, and specifically the Jwaneng renewal, to set a new order and a new agenda. That makes President Khama our Wild Card Number 1.

Are some of our scenarios plain conjectures? Yes, some might be – but it is based on reading the map and trying to figure out to where we are heading. Just understanding the plethora of possibilities associated with these three Wild Cards seems a mammoth task. Much of our future depends on them.

THURSDAY, JUNE 19TH, 2008, CHAIM EVEN-ZOHAR

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Today in History 20th June 1900


Boxer Rebellion Begins


In response to foreign encroachment in China, Chinese nationalists launch the so-called Boxer Rebellion in Peking. Calling themselves I Ho Ch'uan, or the Righteous and Harmonious Fists, the nationalists occupied Peking, killed several foreign officials, and besieged the diplomatic quarter of the city. The British called the nationalists Boxers because of their martial-arts fighting style. The siege continued until August 14, when an international force featuring British, Russian, American, Japanese, French, and German troops fought their way into Peking and ended the Boxer Rebellion. In the aftermath, a peace treaty was forced on China's ruling government, making China effectively a subject nation of the foreign powers.

Thursday, June 19, 2008

Diamond Education Quick Links

Alcoholic Diamonds

What is the most expensive Tequila in the world?

A private collector recently purchased a bottle of Tequila Ley for an unbelievable $225,000.
The Pasion Azteca tequila comes in a gold and platinum bottle.

The tequila itself is created with the pure sap of the blue agave plant, which has been fermented, distilled, and aged for six years.

If you are considering tasting the unique tequila then be sure to pay close attention.

On March 21, 2007, Tequila Ley plans to auction off a bottle of Pasion Azteca in a bottled plated with diamonds, gold, and platinum. The value in London is around $1 million dollars.
Tequila 'can make synthetic diamonds'
By Kate Devlin

Tequila can be used to make a type of synthetic diamond, scientists have discovered.

When heated under pressure, the potent Mexican spirit produces diamond structures which are able to conduct electricity.

The crystals, used to make diamond film, have previously been made from a number of different chemicals, often including nitrogen.

But the experiment, highlighted by New Scientist magazine, is believed to be the first time that scientists have proved that any type of alcohol can be used to produce synthetic diamond.

Diamond film is tougher than silicon and is particularly useful in machines designed to operate in extreme temperatures or conditions.

However, the film is difficult to make and the process can prove expensive.

A team of scientists led by Javier Morales of the University of Nueva Leon near Monterrey in Mexico have now shown that the crystals can be created by heating the country's national drink.

For the experiment, the team heated 80 per cent proof "tequila blanco", which has a short aging process and is bottled soon after distillation, in a low-pressure chamber.

The drink formed into crystals which tests later confirmed had a diamond structure and were able to conduct electricity.

"Some kinds of tequila seem naturally to have the right mix of atoms (to create diamond)," Professor Morales said.

However, he added that more research was needed to determine if using the drink could prove as faster or as more reliable to use than current raw materials used by industry.

Experts think that the use of alcohol to create diamond could have potential.

"The result is certainly funny, but the process seems reasonable," Rudolf Pfeiffer, professor of Physics from the University of Vienna in Austria, said.

"I don't know of any previous attempts to make diamonds from drinks," he added.
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Comment
I received an angry email that this subject was not appropriate in light of the seriousness of the GIA bribery scandal.
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Under these circumstances I agree it may have been an oversight but then I am not a very serious person at the best of times.
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However at the third annual international rough diamond conference earlier this year Moti Ganz " implored producers to spend 3% of sales turnover on generic advertising of diamonds, saying that this must not be left to a single producer."
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My point is that if diamonds are to be considered as LUXURY items , stories like this Tequila story trivialise our product by cheapening it. However I still like a good laugh.
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De Beers, notes, "Ultimately, people do not need to buy diamonds." That they do buy them, he says, is bound up in the emotions and events with which they are associated: love, marriage, purity. "If we behave in a way that is wrong, if we play with the image of diamonds in a way that downgrades them, we're destroying ourselves."

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Today in History 19th June

1910 In Germany, the launch of the first Zeppelin (airship) airliner. It crashes a week later.
1885 In America, the Statue of Liberty, a gift from France,arrives in New York.
1846 In America, the first official game of baseball is played at Hoboken, New Jersey.

1623 French mathematician Blaise Pascal - inventor of an early calculator.

John Calleija-Australian Jeweller

Queen of diamonds, red diamond flawless ...
John Calleija of Calleija Jewellers gets a close-up look at the Queen of Diamonds.
Picture: Mike Batterham.
International jeweller John Calleija acquired the 1.74-carat, oval, purplish-red diamond, known as the Queen of Diamonds, after an exhibition in Hong Kong showing a collection of the rarest diamonds from Australia's Argyle mine in the Kimberley.
John recently acquired one of the rarest red diamonds in the world and has sold it for almost $5 million. Source

John Calleija
“Virtual Eros”
white gold mask is set with 219 diamond totaling 43.9 carats.

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Champagne Glasses

with

Diamonds On Show

If you thought drinking champagne couldn't get any more posh, then try downing it from diamond-encrusted glasses worth almost half a million US dollars.

An Australian jeweller has unveiled what he says are the world's most expensive champagne glasses, valued at $400,000 and adorned with 1,700 white and pink diamonds.
Designer John Calleija said five jewellers spent more than three months finishing the two glasses, which were individually chiselled from 8kg blocks of quartz rock crystal.
Each glass stands 15cm tall, weighs 250 grams, and together are encrusted with 15 carats of white diamonds and six carats of the rare argyle pink diamonds.
They are finished with platinum 18 carat white and rose gold.
Mr Calleija said he was experimenting with his designs when he came up with the idea, but it just as easily could have been a pair of diamond-encrusted chopsticks.
"I just wanted to get into a different area of objects, like luxury goods," he told AAP.
"I drew a whole series of diamond-encrusted letter openers, salt and pepper shakers, scissors, everything, even chopsticks.
"But I drew the glasses and there was just something about them."
Though the designs were at first just a pipe dream, he showed them to one of his long-term clients, who immediately commissioned the pricey artworks.
"I told him they'd be around $400,000 and he said 'I'd like to put my hand up for them ... I'll take them," Mr Calleija said.
He also said the buyer, an anonymous Melbourne businessman, had vowed to put the glasses to good use, promising to bust them out for special occasions and to turn them into cherished family heirlooms.
The glasses, which will head to London for the official opening of Mr Calleija's second store, were the pride and joy of his team, the designer said.
"Tears were coming from their eyes because they know how much this has been a labour of love," he said.
"We've put tonnes of effort and time, and design into these.
"They're just spectacular."

© 2008 AAP
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Additional Reading:

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Today in History 19th June 1953

Rosenbergs executed

On June 19, 1953, despite international pleas for clemency, U.S. civilians Julius and Ethel Rosenberg are executed in the electric chair in Ossining, New York.

Known for their communist leanings, they were convicted of assisting a Los Alamos spy pass atomic secrets to the Soviets. Occurring at the height of red menace hysteria in the United States in the 1950s, evidence suggests that the government was not certain whether the Rosenbergs were guilty.

In one of her last letters before being executed, Ethel Rosenberg wrote: "my husband and I must be vindicated by history; we are the first victims of American Fascism."

Crime File: The Rosenbergs

Wednesday, June 18, 2008

Fake Kimberley Process Certificates


India wants renewed vigil against conflict diamonds

17th June, 2008, IST, AGENCIES

NEW DELHI: The process to eliminate "conflict diamonds", which fund bloody rebel movements in some countries, is being somewhat frustrated by fake certificates, India told a global diamond conference here Tuesday.

"Our vigil is not over. And we must continue to be alert and active," Commerce Secretary G.K. Pillai told the annual conference on the Kimberley Process Certificate Scheme (KPCS) here. India is its current chair.

"The guns are becoming increasingly silent, but we must be alive to the fact that several fragile situations exist," he told the delegates from 34 out of 74 countries that are members of the Kimberly Process

Under the initiative of the United Nations, KPCS seeks to ensure that only those diamonds that are sold by legitimate entities - as opposed to rebel groups - enter the global market.

"We must also find solution to the problem of fake KP certificates. It undermines the very core of what KPCS wants to achieve. The problem must be addressed."

Pillai said India's diamond industry, which registered export of over $13 billion last fiscal, was one of the biggest success stories, even though it was the IT industry that gets more publicity.

He said the diamond industry here provided jobs to over one million people and had a 60-percent share in the world's polished diamond industry by value and about 82 percent by volume.

Representatives from 34 countries are participating in the three-day conference, aimed at eliminating conflict or "blood" diamonds. India, which became its chair for a year beginning Jan 1 is hosting the conference for the first time.

Some of the key participating nations are Australia, the US, the UAE, Canada, Congo, Israel, Liberia, Namibia, South Africa, Russia, China, Britain, Romania, Brazil, and Tanzania.

Fact sheet on Kimberly process - curbing conflict diamonds

What: The Kimberley Process is an initiative of governments, industry and civil society to stem the flow of conflict diamonds or blood diamonds that are used by rebel movements to finance wars against legitimate governments.

Why: Trade in these illicit precious stones has fuelled decades of devastating conflicts in countries such as Angola, Cote d'Ivoire, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Sierra Leone.

When: The genesis of the process is in a meeting in May 2000 among South African diamond producing nations in Kimberley, South Africa. The UN General Assembly then adopted a resolution in December to free the world of conflict diamonds, and following that, the process came into force in 2003.

Process: The Kimberley Process Certification Scheme imposes extensive requirements on its members to enable them to certify shipments of rough diamonds as "conflict-free". Procuring diamonds from bona fide sources ensures this, accompanied by a certificate. The process has 48 members, representing 74 countries.

Success: Diamond experts estimate that conflict diamonds now represent only a fraction of one percent of the international trade in diamonds, compared to estimates of up to 15 percent in the 1990s. For instance, some $125 million worth of diamonds were legally exported from Sierra Leone in 2006, as against almost none at the end of the 1990s, even though mining and prospecting continued in full force.

India's Role: The country, a founder member, is the chair for the process for 2008. Namibia will be the next chair. India is the sixth in succession to hold the chair after South Africa, Canada, Russian Federation, Botswana and European Commission. New Delhi is hosting the 5th Intersession meeting of the process Tuesday and Wednesday.

Indian diamond industry: Nine out of every 10 rough diamonds in the world are cut and polished in India, employing one million people directly. The country exported cut and polished diamonds worth $13.36 billion in 2007-08 - registering a 36.8 percent growth over the previous year.

Additional Reading:

The 5th Anniversary of the Kimberey Process

The Kimberly Process (KP)

The Father of Blood Diamonds : Jamil Sayid Mohamed

Ernest Oppenheimer - Capturing the Supply

The Good, The Bad & The Ugly :Belgian Post Celebrates Diamonds with Reena Ahluwalia's "Bel Canto" Postage Stamp

Diamonds-The Universal Gem & Portability of Wealth

Historical Feature : The Role of Conflict Diamonds in al Qaeda's Financial Structure

Kimberley Process,Corruption & Integrity: Is it failing ? Certifigate 8

Liberia: 75 Million British Pounds Spent On Taylor's Trial So Far

The Lure of Sierra Leone Diamonds

Gertler,Steinmetz,Russians,Americans, Germans, Belgians,Australians,The Congo, Others ? Blame those Zionists ...Again

Sierra Leone: Who Owns The Country's Diamonds?

Insider witness tells of taking arms, diamonds for Charles Taylor

“MERCHANT OF DEATH” ARRESTED IN THAILAND

The Trial of Charles Taylor

Fair Trade Diamonds

Kosher Diamonds = Fair Trade Diamonds: Beginning of the New York Process

Is Africa Ready For Beneficiation?

Belgium : The Ugly Forgotten Truth

Additional Reading on Past Belgian Atrocities & More:

The Crime of the Congo By Arthur Conan Doyle Historical

King Leopold II of Belgium Killer File Historical

Belgium's Imperialist Rape of Africa Historical

ILLICIT DIAMONDS FLOW Current: Antwerp during the Blood Diamond (Conflict Diamond) era and still today is the major world rough diamond recipient headquarters

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All Our Diamonds Are In Stock


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Adopt a Minefield

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Adopt-A-Minefield® is a campaign of the United Nations Association of the USA, which engages individuals, community groups, and businesses in the United Nations effort to resolve the global landmine crisis. The Campaign helps save lives by raising funds for mine clearance and survivor assistance and by raising awareness about the landmine problem.
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The idea behind Adopt-A-Minefield® is both powerful and simple. Designed to move beyond the political and policy debates typically associated with banning the use of landmines, the Campaign provides a practical solution to the tens of millions of mines that contaminate the world and to the countless survivors of landmine accidents.
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Happy 66th Birthday Sir Paul McCartney

Additional Reading:

Bombs More Precious Than Children :Palestinian TV is showing a music video in which a four-year-old girl sings the praises of her suicide bomber mother and vows to follow in her footsteps

Diamonds Fund Terrorism in Surat, India


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Friendship leads to understanding.

Understanding leads to PEACE.


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Risky Business

First publicly listed diamond fund to launch
By David Brough and Pratima Desai

LONDON, June 17 (Reuters) - The first publicly listed fund investing in rare white and coloured diamonds is close to launching on the London Stock Exchange, fund and market sources said on Tuesday.

The closed-end fund will invest in the high-quality segment of the physical polished diamond market, according to a prospectus for the initial public share offer (IPO), expected to take place on June 24, obtained by Reuters.

Fund-raising will close on Wednesday and one industry source said institutional investors had raised nearly $100 million.

"Catalysts for growth in investment demand are in place for large high-quality diamonds, underpinned by the rising number of high net-worth individuals, especially in the Middle East, Southeast Asia and the Russian Federation," said the prospectus for investment company Diamond Circle Capital plc.

The prospectus said a steadily declining mineral reserve base, compounded by limited exploration success, suggested tight supplies would continue, which industry analysts say could mean long-term growth for the fund.

"It is the first listed polished diamond fund," said Jamie Strauss, managing director, UK equity products, of BMO Capital Markets (Bank of Montreal), who closely tracks diamond markets.
"It will be invested in white and coloured diamonds. It will become one of the world's finest diamond collections."

Diamond Circle Capital's investment advisers, Diapason Commodities Management SA, declined to comment. Placing agent UBS Investment Bank also could not be reached for comment.

PRECEDENT

While the top-tier diamonds market is booming, diamonds can be a risky investment.

Almost 30 years ago, an investment company called Thomson McKinnon set up a $10 million diamond investment trust, which was approved by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, but it was wound up after a sharp fall in the diamond market.

Martin Rapaport, a leading diamond entrepreneur, whose wholesale polished price list is a benchmark for the global diamond trade, said a diamond fund was a risky investment as there was no guarantee that prices would rise indefinitely.

However, he noted that recent auctions of rare diamonds and finest jewellery had achieved world record prices per carat, driven by an increased concentration of super-wealthy individuals seeking the rarest gemstones available.

The recent semi-annual sales of diamonds and jewellery at Sotheby's and Christie's auction houses in Geneva achieved all-time high prices, and several senior trade figures believe that the near-term outlook for rare stones is buoyant.

"There is a real investment demand for diamonds," Rapaport told Reuters. "But it's a risk. It's dangerous. It depends on external economic forces."

Rapaport said that he doubted that a $100 million wall of money was enough to have a significant impact on the top end of the polished diamonds market.

The fund is expected to make limited sales of diamonds from its portfolio from time to time, a market source said.

Two independent valuers will assess the portfolio monthly, enabling Diapason to track its net asset value.

Additional Reading:

Investing in Diamonds: The Terms of Engagement An excellent insight

Diamond Circle Capital : Can commoditisation be good for diamond prices?

Excellent Cut Diamonds

The King's Pathway- El Caminito del Rey is a walkway, now fallen into disrepair, pinned along the steep walls of a narrow gorge in El Chorro, near Álora in Málaga, Spain. A Vertigo Special

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Today in History 18th June

1997 Sirhan Sirhan, jailed for the assassination of US presidential candidate Robert Kennedy in 1968, has his 10th appeal for parole turned down.
1996 Benjamin Netanyahu is sworn in as Israel's youngest ever Prime Minister at the head of a right-wing coalition government.
1983 American Sally Ride becomes the first woman US astronaut in space with the launch of the Space Shuttle Challenger.
1979 US President
Jimmy Carter and Soviet President Leonid Brezhnev sign a Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT 2) in Vienna.
1975 In Riyadh ,Saudi Arabia, the public beheading in a shopping centre car park of Prince Faisal Ibn Musead Abdul Aziz for the murder of his uncle, King Faisal.
1942 Ex-Beatle Sir Paul McCartney born in Liverpool, England. Happy Birthday Pauly Boy !

Burning the Stone

The Arcane World of High Priced Gems

“I am showing you this in absolute confidence, you understand Mr. Wise and I am asking you please not to mention this stone to anyone”.

So begins a conversation not unlike many similar conversations I have had over the past few years with dealers who specialize in ultra-rare and very high priced gemstones. The place, Las Vegas 08, the gem an extraordinary, ultra-rare fancy color diamond, the price, somewhere north of 10 million dollars.

Ultra-high-end gemstones exist, are bought and sold in their own world or rather in two contradictory worlds. Remember the Star Trek episode. The Enterprise discovers a new universe that is the flip side of our own, its just the same only everything is backwards. Sound familiar? (pictured above 6.04 carat Fancy vivid blue, internally flawless. Sold: Sotheby's Hong Kong, U.S. $7,981,835.00 world record: 1.3 Million per carat)

Baubles, Bangles and Glitz:
First there is the glitzy universe or world of the auction houses which has become increasingly the venue where the ultra-fine and ultra-rare and therefore ultra-chic are sold and lately a world record price shattered at every auction.

“Ego is out there, these people want to be seen and the item and purchase price are very public.” says Gloria Lieberman, head of the jewelry department at Skinner’s Boston where the dealer/retail buyer mix is currently 60/40. The dealers still bring in more dollars, but the auction houses see the handwriting on the wall. They are directing more and more of their marketing toward consumers. The auction market is becoming increasingly a retail venue.

Burning the Stone; Mum’s the Word:
Then there is the universe of the old-line, high end dealers where discretion is the watch word. Picture richly paneled walls, men in conservative well cut suits floating down silent hallways. The reality may be the rabbit-warren at 580 5th Avenue but, hey, lets maintain the illusion.

“At all costs they avoid burning the stone”, says a prominent dealer, “If the price, even the fact of the stone’s existence becomes too public, some buyers will shy away”. This is known in the trade as burning.

This dealer cites the example of the 76.45 carat Archduke Diamond named for the Austrian Arch Duke Joseph August. Molina a high-end Phoenix Jeweler, made a very public show of owning the stone even allowing singer Celine Dion to wear the Archduke on a TV special. In the dealer's world, this is very bad form. One dealer who was interested in the stone for a client declined to show it once he found out about all the hype surrounding the gem. “Our clients wouldn’t be interested.” The stone had been burned.

Auction prices are “an indication not a guideline of a gem’s value” says Marc Lazar a dealer with a mind boggling inventory of ultra-fine white and fancy color diamonds who has, in the past,bought and sold diamonds at auction. “You have to know the details. Who was the buyer”? asks Lazar. Was it a dealer or a retail buyer with a lot of money who didn’t mind paying a high price. Conversely, warns Lazar, a stone may sell for a low price at auction.

Why would a dealer pay a high price on purpose? As part of a strategy to ratchet up the value of other similar gems he already holds in inventory.

One source has suggested that this is exactly what happened with the record ruby sale in 2006. An 8.67 carat “pigeon’s blood" ruby that sold for $425,000 per carat shattering the world’s record per carat price established just the year before when a 8.01 carat of similar color went for $275,00 per carat to a private Asian buyer. (image above left). Lawrence Graff, perhaps the world's most prominent dealer, bought the second stone. According to my source, he didn’t mind paying the highest price ever paid for a natural ruby because he had several more rubies of similar size in his inventory and a rising market raises all boats (more). The stone has since been reset and modestly renamed The Graff Ruby.

Obviously this sort of wheeling and dealing is not a method you should try at home. As Marc Lazar points out: You must know the market, know the gem, be at the auction and know to whom it sells. Only then are you in a position to decide if the new world's record price is a true indication of the gem's market value.

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Today in History 18th June 1815

Napoleon defeated at Waterloo

On this day, Napoleon Bonaparte suffers defeat at the hands of the Duke of Wellington, bringing an end to the Napoleonic era of European history. Forced to abdicate as French emperor in 1814, Napoleon escaped from a brief exile on the island of Elba in 1815 to France, where he raised a new Grand Army. For the next 100 days, Napoleon, once regarded as an invincible military commander, again enjoyed success on the battlefields of Europe. However, on June 18, 1815, at the Battle of Waterloo in Belgium, he suffered his last defeat against an allied force under Wellington. Soon after, Napoleon was arrested and exiled to the island of St. Helena, where he died six years later.

Tuesday, June 17, 2008

Historical Feature: The Diamond Boom of the 70's

Caveat Emptor ( Buyer Beware)

In 1977, in Los Angeles, a film producer, who had just closed his account with his stockbroker, received an unexpected call from a stranger with a distinct English accent. The caller, identifying himself as a representative of "De Beers Diamond Investments, Ltd.," began by commending the producer on his acumen in withdrawing from the stock market. "You obviously are aware of the fact that stocks and bonds can't keep pace with inflation," he continued in a soft voice, "but have you considered diamonds as an alternative?" He explained that diamonds had appreciated "700 percent over the last ten years," and that they were the "most prudent investment available, since the supply is tightly controlled by a private monopoly." Without further ado, the caller offered to sell the film producer a selection of "investment diamonds" for $5,000.

"But how can I buy diamonds over the phone," the producer asked incredulously.

"All the diamonds are sealed in plastic with a certificate guaranteeing their quality," the caller responded. "And of course you have heard of De Beers." The more hesitant the producer became, the more determined the caller became. "We can register these diamonds under your wife's name, which might be helpful for your taxes," the caller went on.

"Think of how surprised she will be when the diamonds arrive ... and you are buying them below wholesale."

The caller, it turned out, was one of dozens of salesmen seated around a bank of telephones in Scottsdale, Arizona. Like the rest of the men in this boiler room, as it was called, he was making a pitch to sell diamonds and had been supplied with a list of names of individuals around the country who had recently closed brokerage accounts. For every order he sold, he received a commission of up 20 percent. Since the prices were in reality far above wholesale prices, the company could afford to pay its salesmen, most of them "telephone pros," large commissions.

And despite the similarity of its name, De Beers Diamond Investments, Ltd., was in no way connected with De Beers Consolidated Mines. Like a host of other recently formed diamond boiler rooms, with names like Diamond Selection, Ltd., Kimberlite Diamond Resource Company, and Tel-Aviv Diamond Investments, Ltd., this firm was formed to promote "investment diamonds."

When the mail-order diamonds finally arrive at the purchaser's home, they are sealed in plastic with the certificate guaranteeing their quality. The customer is then advised of what amounts to a catch-22 situation: The quality of the diamond is only guaranteed as long as it remains sealed in plastic; if the customer takes it out of the plastic to have it independently appraised, the certificate is no longer valid. When customers broke the seal, many found diamonds of inferior or even worthless quality. Complaints to the authorities proliferated at such a rate in New York that the attorney general was forced to mobilize a "Diamond Task Force" to process the hundreds of allegations of fraud.

"It is incredible," William R. Ralkin, the assistant attorney general said in the New York Times in 1979. "These crooks will get outwardly rational people to buy a sealed bag containing supposed gems. . . . And they have the nerve to tell their victims not to unseal the packet for two to three years, after which they promise to buy back the stones it much higher prices." He added, "It never falls to amaze mc me how . . . professional people like lawyers [and] medical practitioners will send checks for thousands of dollars to people they never met or heard of after being contacted by these boiler room operators."

Aside from selling tens of thousands of diamonds a month over the telephone, many of these newly created firms hold "diamond investment seminars" in expensive resort hotels. At such events, they present impressive graphs and data, and typically assisted by a few well-rehearsed shills in the audience, they proceed to sell sealed packets of diamonds to the audience. (Not uncommonly, in dealing with elderly investors, diamond salesmen play on the fear that their relatives might try to seize their cash assets and have them committed to nursing homes. They suggest that the investors can stymie such attempts by putting their money in diamonds and hiding them.

Some of these entrepreneurs were relative newcomers to the diamond business. Rayburne Martin, who went from De Beers Diamond Investments, Ltd., to Tel-Aviv Diamond Investments, Ltd., both domiciled in Scottsdale, Arizona, had a record of embezzlement and security law violations in Arkansas and was a fugitive from justice during most of his tenure in the diamond trade. Harold S. McClintock, also known as Harold Sager, had been convicted of stock fraud in Chicago, and he had been involved in a silver bullion caper in 1974 before he helped organize De Beers Diamond Investments, Ltd. Don Jay Shure, who arranged to set up another De Beers Diamond Investments, Ltd., in Irvine, California, had also formerly been convicted of fraud. Bernhard Dohrmann, the "marketing director" of the International Diamond Corporation, had served time in jail for security fraud in 1976. Donald Nixon, the nephew of President Richard M. Nixon, and Robert L. Vesco, the fugitive financier, were, according to the New York State attorney general, allegedly participating in a high-pressure telephone campaign to sell "over-valued or worthless diamonds" by employing "a battery of silken-voiced radio and television announcers." Among the diamond salesmen were also a wide array of former commodity and stock brokers who specialized in attempting to sell sealed diamonds to pension funds and retirement plans.

Meanwhile, in London, the real De Beers, unable to stifle all the bogus entrepreneurs in Arizona and California using its name, decided to explore the potential market for investment gems. It announced in March of 1978 a highly unusual sort of "diamond fellowship" for selected retail jewelers. Each jeweler who participated would pay a $2,000 fellowship fee. In return, he would receive a set of certificates for investment-grade diamonds, contractual forms for "buyback" guarantees, promotion material, and training in how to sell these unmounted diamonds to an entirely new category of customers. The target was defined by De Beers as "men aged 55 and over with inherited or self-made wealth to spend." Rather than sell fine jewels, as they were accustomed to, these selected retailers would sell loose stones with a certificate for $4,000 to $6,000.

De Beers' modest move into the investment diamond business caused a tremor of concern in the trade. De Beers had strongly opposed retailers selling "investment" diamonds on the grounds that because there was no sentimental attachment to such diamonds customers would eventually attempt to resell them and thereby cause sharp price fluctuations.

Indeed, De Beers executives expressed concern that retailers would not be able to cope with the thousands of distressed investors who tried to resell their loose diamonds back to them. In response to this new "diamond fellowship" scheme, the authoritative trade journal, jewelers' Circular Keystone, observed: "Besides giving De Beers an unusually direct role in retail diamond sales, the program marks a softening of its previous hard-line stand against gem investing. Eric Bruton, the publisher of Retail Jeweler in London, added, "De Beers is standing on the edge of a very slippery slope.... They say it is unwise to sell diamonds directly as an investment, then [they] go ahead with this diamond investment scheme."

If De Beers had changed its policy toward investment diamonds, it was not because it wanted to encourage the speculative fever that was sweeping America and Europe. Its marketing executives in London realized that speculators could panic at any moment, and by precipitously flooding the market with diamonds they had hoarded, burst the price structure for diamonds.

They had, however, "little choice but to get involved," as one De Beers executive explained. Even though the "De Beers Diamond Investments" in Arizona, which had pioneered in selling diamonds over the telephone, had gone bankrupt, ' more than 200 firms had by then entered the business of selling sealed packets of diamonds to the American public over the phone. And aside from these proliferating boiler rooms, many established diamond dealers rushed into the field to sell diamonds to financial institutions, pension plans and serious investors.

It soon became apparent in the Diamond Exchange in New York that selling unmounted diamonds to investors was far more profitable than selling them to jewelry shops. By early 1980, David Birnbaum, a leading dealers in New York, estimated that in terms of dollar value, nearly one third of all diamond sales in the United States were for investment diamonds. "Only five years earlier, investment diamonds were only an insignificant part of the business," he added.
Even if De Beers did not approve of this new market in diamonds, it could hardly ignore one-third of the American diamond trade. It had to take some action.

Mass-marketed investment diamonds was made possible in the 1970s by the invention of the diamond certificate. Diamonds themselves cannot be valued by any single measure, such as weight, and the factors involved in such an assessment-clarity, color, and cut-cannot be made by an individual investor or financial institution. Moreover, since diamonds are not fungible in the sense that one diamond can be exchanged for another diamond of the same weight, some means had to be found of standardizing the quality of diamonds. Certificates, which guaranteed the color, clarity and cut of individual diamonds, provided this medium.

The Gemological Institute of America, a privately owned company established to service jewelers, developed a convenient system for certifying the quality of diamonds. For ascertaining the "cut" of the diamond, the Gemological Institute devised in 1967 a "proportion scope." This contraption casts a magnified shadow of the stone in question over a diagram that represents the ideal proportions for a diamond of that size. By comparing the overlap between the image of the diamond and the diagram, the deviation from the ideal can be easily measured-and recorded on the certificate.

For determining the "clarity" of the diamond, the Gemological Institute developed a "Gemolite" microscope, which has an attachment for rotating a diamond under ten power magnification against a dark background. If no blemishes can be seen in the diamond under this magnification, it is graded "flawless"; if there are blemishes, but they are very difficult to find with this lens, it is graded "VVS," and with imperfections visible at lower magnifications, it is further downgraded. Finally, to establish the exact color of the diamond, the Gemological Institute introduced the "Diamondlite": a boxlike machine with a window in it which allows a diamond to be compared with a set of sample stones that span all the color gradations from pure white to yellow. The purest white on this scale is classified as "D"; the next grade of white is classified as "E." Gradually, by grade "l," the white is tinted with yellow; and by grade K," the color is considered to be yellow and of much lower value.

By 1978, diamonds were being routinely certified through these methods, not only by the Gemological Institute of America, but also by other Gemological laboratories in Antwerp, Paris, London and Los Angeles. Since dealers needed certificates for selling investment diamonds, and customers were usually willing to pay a hefty premium for such a document attached to the diamond, the laboratories found it difficult to keep up with the demand. Long lines of diamond dealers usually formed in front of the laboratories, and in many cases, stand-ins were hired to wait in line for impatient dealers.

The certification mechanism, despite all the Rube Goldberg sorts of inventions employed, did not entirely remove the subjective element from diamond evaluation. Not uncommonly, dealers would resubmit the same diamond to the Gemological Institute and receive a different rating for it.

It did, however, facilitate the trading of rare diamonds. A diamond certified as D, flawless, was an extreme rarity, and since very few such stones existed, or would ever be extracted from mines, they could be bought and sold on the basis that they were in short supply. The price of these near-perfect diamonds rose from $4,000 a carat in 1967 to $22,000 to $50,000 in 1980. Even though such extravagant prices for D, flawless, diamonds are frequently cited by the press in stories about the appreciation of diamonds, they are atypical of diamond prices. In all the world, there are probably less than one hundred diamonds mined that can be cut into one carat, D, flawless, stones, and only a small proportion of these ever are certified and sold to investors. Moreover, very few diamonds are ever sold for the prices reported in the news stories. "No dealer I know has ever sold a one-carat investment diamond for $50,000," a New York dealer commented.

The high prices quoted for the few available D, flawless, stones do not necessarily hold for diamonds of an even slightly inferior grade. For example, in 1978, when D, flawless, diamonds were quoted at $22,000 a carat, an H grade white diamond, without any visible imperfections, was valued at only $2,750- Once mounted in a ring or piece of jewelry, it would be extremely difficult for the untrained eye to differentiate between a D and H color (especially since the setting reflects through the diamond). But while this subtle difference makes little difference in the sale of jewelry, it creates nearly 90 percent of the value in an investment diamond. For what is measured by this grading system is not beauty, but the comparative rarity of a given class of diamonds.

Most investors have no choice but to rely on the piece of paper that comes attached to the diamond to specify the grade, and hence the value, of their investment. Not all the certificates, however, emanate from the Gemological Ins Institute of America. Many certificates have been issued by less reputable-or even nonexistent-laboratories, and the diamonds might be of a much lower grade than that certified.

Even if the certificate comes from a bona fide laboratory, its evaluation of the diamond may later be disputed by another assessor. Robert Crowningshield, the New York director of the Gemological Institute, observed, ". . . I've never seen two experts agree on the quality of a particular diamond."

The extent to which the value of diamonds is determined by the eye of the beholder was demonstrated in 1981 by an experiment conducted under the sponsorship of Goldsmith magazine. In this test, four leading diamond evaluators were handed 145 diamonds that had previously been graded by the Gemological Institute of America, the European Gemological Laboratories and the International Gemological Institute.

The team of experts was not told how each of the diamonds previously had been graded. After the team had reached its own consensus on the grade of each stone, the results were compared with those of the Gemological institutes. In 92 Out Of 145 cases, the team of evaluators disagreed with the grades previously given on the certificates. Despite all the scientific paraphernalia surrounding the process of certification, diamond grading remained, according to this test, an extraordinarily subjective business.

To make a profit, investors at some point must find buyers who are willing to pay more for their diamonds than they did. Here, however, investors face the same problem as those attempting to sell their jewelry: there is no unified market on which to sell diamonds. Although dealers will quote the prices for which they are willing to sell investment-grade diamonds, they seldom give a set price at which they are willing to buy the same grade diamonds.

In 1977, for example, Jewelers' Circular Keystone polled a large number of retail dealers and found a difference of 100 percent between different offers for the same quality investment grade diamonds. Moreover, even though most investors buy their diamonds at or near retail price, they are forced to sell at wholesale prices.

As Forbes magazine pointed out in 1977, "Average investors, unfortunately, have little access to the wholesale market. Ask a jeweler to buy back a stone, and he'll often begin by quoting a price 30% or more below wholesale." Since the difference between wholesale and retail tends to be at least 100 percent in investment diamonds, any gain from the appreciation of the diamonds will probably be lost in the act of selling them.

Many New York dealers feared that despite the high pressure telephone techniques, the diamond bubble could suddenly burst. "There's going to come a day when all those doctors, lawyers and other fools who bought diamonds over the phone take them out of their strong boxes, or wherever, and try to sell them," one dealer predicted. The principal ingredient in the Diamond boom is expectations that may not be fulfilled.

Source: The Diamond Invention by Edward Jay Epstein

Additional Reading :

Investing in Diamonds: The Terms of Engagement

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Diamond Prices: A Day of Reckoning

HERE IS A WISHER !
Diamond Prices: Be Careful What You Wish For
By Russell Shor Spring 2008

There's a shortage of rough diamonds, and it's growing ever more acute – so prices are rising.

Consumer demand from India and China will drive diamond prices through the roof.

The weak U.S. dollar will also drive diamond prices through the roof.

These are some of the mantras heard most often from analysts and diamond people at recent industry conferences and trade shows.

Ultimately, the truth of these mantras depends on one thing: how much consumers will pay for a diamond – not how many are mined. We've seen prices for truly rare and beautiful pink and blue diamonds soar to more than $1 million per carat. Large (5-plus carat) colorless diamonds have experienced double-digit price increases that have started to attract speculators. Prices for more "ordinary" goods, while not going wild, have held firm despite the softening of the U.S. economy. And many say we're just at the beginning.

Now let's go back to 1981, when we heard similar talk as Wall Street firms and hedge fund managers were socking away diamonds as investments. Many diamond people, and perhaps an even greater number of investors, believed the inherent rarity and value of diamonds would insulate them from inflation.

But they forgot to tell that to jewellery-buying consumers.

Prices for diamonds soared to the point that, adjusted for inflation, a 1-ct. G-VS stone would have cost, at wholesale, the equivalent of $25,000-$30,000. Even half-carat stones were "going bananas," according to the trade magazines. Sadly, the conventional wisdom that diamond prices could only go up was still being repeated as the trade publications started to report that sales were slowing, slowing and slowing even more.

The truth proved to be much simpler than the convoluted arguments that were offered to justify continued high prices. Consumers eyed the prices and decided against putting a large chunk of their money on a little diamond. If they did buy, many traded down to the lowest possible qualities.

By 1982, the diamond trade was in the midst of its hardest crash since the Great Depression, overstocked with overpriced goods. Some of the most venerable diamond houses fell into bankruptcy, prices headed south faster than a flock of birds fleeing winter, debts soared and "memo" replaced "30 days net" as the standard trading mechanism in the U.S.

Today, consumers are both more sophisticated and more affluent, so it's unlikely we will see serious downtrading in quality. But those dealers who believe that diamond prices have nowhere to go but up fail to understand that the day may yet come when consumers decide they aren't getting good value for their money and will stop buying, regardless of their affluence.

India and China are indeed booming. Diamond demand there is growing rapidly – 14-20 percent annually. But for all the talk about these two consumer markets and the Middle East, the U.S. still represents 46 percent of world diamond jewelry sales compared to less than 10 percent for those three markets combined. So their growth would only matter if supplies were already stretched very thin.

But supplies of most polished goods are not stretched.

Those who see a rough shortage – at least in the short term – may be on firmer ground. The shortage stems from manufacturers competing for supplies, however, not retailers or diamond dealers vying for polished goods to sell.

Competition for supplies among manufacturers is intense. During the 1990s, large operators in India and Israel built colossal factories equipped with high-tech systems that permitted them to cut thousands of stones per month and get them to market quickly. (One Surat manufacturer of small diamonds, for instance, produces 250,000 carats of polished per month.) Feeding these voracious operations requires a high volume of goods.

Running out of supplies means laying off skilled workers and allowing very expensive equipment to lie fallow.

While there probably is not enough rough mined each year to supply all of these operations to capacity, there is enough to meet public demand for polished diamonds. Indeed, industry bankers maintain that there's $1.5 billion or more in polished inventory languishing in safes and awaiting buyers, which is one reason why industry debt increased nearly 20 percent last year to $13 billion.

(Large diamonds – especially those over 10 carats – are difficult to find in the market, but it's hard to tell whether the scarcity of such goods is caused by actual demand or by a coterie of dealers and speculators sitting on them in hopes of further price increases.)

In short, even if the market fundamentals were favorable enough to support the kind of price increases some are predicting, there will be a day of reckoning when the public suddenly turns away. Ask any California real estate broker about that scenario.

These observations offer a cautionary note for those who hope to see skyrocketing diamond prices: Be careful what you wish for, you just might get it.

***

Additional Reading:

Inflation & Weakened US Dollar Affects Diamond Prices

Investing in Diamonds: The Terms of Engagement

DIAMONDS: DIMINISHING SUPPLY

Huge Price Increases in Diamond Prices Boom Times Ahead

Long-term outlook for diamond jewellery positive – analyst

Diamond Circle Capital : Can commoditisation be good for diamond prices?

Gertler,Steinmetz,Russians,Americans, Germans, Belgians,Australians,The Congo, Others ? Blame those Zionists ...Again

Diamond World Supply To End In 20 Years ?

Ganz: There is No Shortage of Rough and Surplus of Polished Diamonds :Moti Ganz's full speech

The Third International Rough Diamond Conference Overwhelming Success

NORTH AUSTRALIAN DIAMONDS EXTENDS DEPTH OF PALSAC PIPE AT MERLIN DIAMOND PROJECT

Vybornov: Demand is Growing and the Supply is a “Bit Stuck” Versus Siberian Diamonds Limited


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Today in History 17th June 1940

France to surrender
With Paris fallen to Germany, Marshal Henri Pétain, the new French leader, announces his intention to sign an armistice with the Nazis. Signed on June 22, the armistice authorized the occupation of more than half of France by Germany. In July, Pétain took office as chief of state at Vichy, a city in unoccupied France. Under Pétain, and later Pierre Laval, the Vichy government collaborated fully with the Nazis, arresting Jews and French resistance fighters and shipping them off to Nazi concentration camps. After the Normandy invasion in 1944, Pétain and Laval were forced to flee to German protection in the east. Both were eventually captured, found guilty of high treason, and sentenced to die. Laval was executed in 1945 but provincial French leader Charles de Gaulle commuted Pétain's sentence to life imprisonment. Pétain died on the Île d'Yeu off France in 1951.

1991 In South Africa, the repeal of the Population Registration Act of 1950 effectively ends the Government's policy of Apartheid
1982 Italian banker Roberto Calvi is found hanged underneath Blackfriars Bridge in London.
1976 Russian Boris Spassky becomes the world chess champion.
1970 Edwin Land patents his Polaroid camera.
1967 China explodes its first H-Bomb.
1928 Amelia Earhart becomes the first woman to fly across the Atlantic.
1867 Pioneer doctor
Joseph Lister performs the first operation using an antiseptic.
1823 Charles MacIntosh patents the waterproof cloth he uses to make raincoats.
1775 American War of Independence: Battle of Bunker Hill north of Boston, Massachussets which ends in victory for the British.
1579 English explorer Sir
Francis Drake proclaims English sovereignty over an area of the New World known as New Albion - modern day California.
1980 Birthday American tennis player
Venus Williams.
1946 Birthday American singer Barry Manilow.
1917 American singer Dean Martin born in Ohio.
1939 Eugene Weldman, the last convicted criminal in France to be sent to the
guillotine.

Monday, June 16, 2008

Creative Capitalism: De Beers Role in Africa


Penny's Speech at Council on Foreign Relations
By Gareth Penny

***

On June 10, De Beers' managing director Gareth Penny delivered the following address at the Council on Foreign Relations in Washington D.C.

"A Diamond in the Rough:

The Role of the Private Sector in Sustainable Development in Africa"

Gareth Penny Remarks to the Council on Foreign Relations

Washington DC, 10 June 2008

Thank you for having me here today. It is an honor to be invited to share De Beers’ perspective on the role of business in helping to create a more prosperous Africa, and also to speak as a guest of the Council on Foreign Relations. Through its continued attention to the African continent – both its struggles and its successes – the Council provides an invaluable resource for those of us who have a strong interest in seeing Africa develop in a successful and sustainable manner. I would like to mention in particular Ambassador Princeton Lyman and thank him for his leadership on these issues.

As an African myself, and also the CEO/Managing Director of a company whose past and future are inextricably linked to the continent, I am gratified by the recent focus of the international community on Africa. Dare I say, Africa has almost become fashionable—from international bodies like the G-8, all the way to the pages of Vanity Fair.

Today, however, I would like to focus on one part of the African story that perhaps is not receiving the attention it deserves. That is the role the private sector can and must play in addressing the challenge of poverty and building a more prosperous Africa in the decades ahead.

You can’t open a newspaper today without reading stories about the suffering too often found on the continent. While the challenges are indeed immense, there’s another side of the story – one we call, “Africa Working” – where Africans are not only lifting themselves out of poverty, but collectively lifting their nations to new levels of sustainable prosperity.

Consider the following:

• In 2007, African continental economic growth averaged 5.7 percent, with the best performers closer to 7 percent. Compare that with the dismal economic performance in Africa in the 1980s and 1990s, when growth hovered around 2 per cent, with negative growth in certain years. What’s more, last year’s growth was broad-based – 1 in 3 countries grew by more than 6 per cent.

• Twenty-five years ago there were only three democracies in Africa - Botswana, Senegal and Mauritius. Today, more than 40 African countries have held multi-party elections. And while they may not be perfect, the trend is clear to see.

• Good governance, the rule of law, independent judiciaries, a free press and a civil society sector growing in confidence are, despite some important exemptions, increasingly the norm, encouraging vital foreign capital investment and reducing dependency on overseas aid.

• In the diamond producing arena, in particular, we have seen some truly remarkable changes, with presidential elections in the DRC (for the first time since independence), in Sierra Leone and in Liberia. De Beers was pleased – along with others in the industry – to assist in the re-establishment of Government Diamond Offices in both Sierra Leone and Liberia, despite our having no commercial presence in these countries. Both are now fully-fledged members of the Kimberley Process, which aims to ensure conflict or “blood” diamonds never enter the legitimate diamond trade. We look forward to those countries benefiting fully from their membership of the diamond producing community.

• Angola, one of the most prospective diamond producing countries, has emerged from years of civil conflict and is now increasingly active on the world stage. We look forward to the forthcoming presidential and parliamentary elections there.

• Then, of course, there are the established southern African democracies – those countries where De Beers has its mining operations today: South Africa, the home of De Beers, which has seen such a tremendous transformation since 1994. Botswana and Namibia, where De Beers is privileged to work in joint ventures with the respective governments, are both models of fiscal prudence and sound resource management.

So, taken together, these developments paint a rather more optimistic picture of Africa than may be apparent in the daily news, despite the challenges that remain ahead.

Recently at Davos, Bill Gates issued an important challenge to the private sector. He called on the business community to engage in “creative capitalism,” which he explained as “a new system with a twin mission of making profits and improving lives.”

We at De Beers believe we have some relevant experience in this area and something to contribute to the debate.Please allow me a few minutes to describe De Beers and the contribution we are making to “creative capitalism.”

We have been a successful African-based company for more than 120 years and we plan to be for a long time hence.

The sort of joint company ownership we have established in a number of African countries has the dual benefit of ensuring that African citizens have a strong stake in the development of their mining sectors and an understanding of the business fundamentals, while also helping De Beers to gain better insight into national goals and aspirations, important to the long-term success of our business.

Much like the African continent itself, our company has evolved quite dramatically in recent years. In the late nineties, De Beers underwent an historic transformation, completely altering its business model. We shifted from a supply-controlled business to a demand-driven one. In addition, we have started to move from a centrally-controlled business to locally-led businesses in Africa, and around the world.

De Beers, with its joint venture partners, employs 21,000 staff worldwide. 19,000 of these employees are African citizens based in Africa. Our operating companies in Africa are all run by Africans. And our management teams and employees are overwhelmingly local citizens. What’s more, in the past ten years, we have moved many of our skilled diamond sorting and valuing jobs from London to Gaborone in Botswana, Johannesburg and Kimberley in South Africa, and Windhoek in Namibia.

Today, De Beers with its partners contributes more than $4.6 billion dollars to African economies each year. In some ways, diamonds represent one of the largest transfers of wealth, from the rich western consumer markets to developing African producer countries. To put that in perspective, for example, the diamond industry in Botswana accounts for 33 percent of its gross domestic product and approximately 70 percent of the government revenue.

In the past year, our business strategy has taken another important step, with the decision to focus on larger mining projects and prospects and sell off some of the smaller mines that no longer fit our portfolio. Mines in South Africa that drove the early growth of the company are now passing on to new ownership, providing an opportunity for junior mining houses and Black Economic Empowerment groups to enter the diamond mining market by acquiring some of the world’s most established diamond mines.

We are actively engaged in international and local initiatives designed to promote transparency and good government. We were a founding stakeholder in the Kimberley Process, which, as I mentioned earlier, aims to ensure conflict or “blood” diamonds never enter the legitimate diamond trade. In addition, we have joined with Partnership Africa Canada and Global Witness, among others, to found the Diamond Development Initiative, a regime that seeks to optimize the beneficial aspects of artisanal diamond mining and enhance its government regulation.

We also are a signatory to the ten principles of the UN Global Compact, and an active participant in the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative.

So De Beers today is a transformed company, deeply engaged in “creative capitalism.” However, our transformation is not confined to our business practices—it is much broader in scope and ambition. It falls under the heading of what many call “sustainability.” That is a word with a lot of new currency behind it, but one which may lack precision.

So, let me describe what sustainability means to De Beers. For us, it might be easier to start with what sustainability is not. It is not a program “added-on”, siloed somewhere in a corporate social responsibility office. Nor does it apply only to certain parts of our business—like environmental practices—but not to others. Rather, it informs how we operate today and how we plan for the future.

Sustainability, for us, is at the core of our business strategy. In the diamond industry, in order to be viable in the long run, a business must deliver a sustainable contribution to the communities in which it operates.

Let me elaborate:
Diamond mining, as De Beers does it, is a high-risk business, demanding large amounts of upfront capital and long-term horizons. Once a diamond deposit is located, it can take up to $1 billion dollars and a decade before any diamonds are recovered and another decade to see a return on our investment. In order for our mines to function effectively and profitably for generations, we need operating environments that provide stability – in employment, health, governance and infrastructure.

Our business is strengthened by diversified economies in flourishing communities. The diamond industry must be a catalyst for further economic development in the countries where we operate. In an effort to encourage this type of growth, De Beers sponsors initiatives like Peo in Botswana, which invests in small and medium-sized citizen-owned businesses in a variety of industries – everything from restaurants and automotive repair shops to a forensic science lab. We do this because we understand the important role these enterprises play in spurring economic growth and prosperity in the communities where we operate. We call this the “diamond economic flywheel” and we do it because it makes good business sense.

Increasingly, too, African countries are seeking to take a more extensive role in managing their own resources – a sort of resource nationalism, if you will. We understand that effective management of a country’s resources is an essential part of building a more prosperous Africa. We have embraced that desire by establishing joint venture partnerships with the countries where we operate.

In places like Botswana, for example, where, through a company called Debswana, we have a 50/50 partnership with government, 82 cents of every dollar earned from diamond mining stays in-country. That directly translates into funding spent on health care, fighting AIDS, education, and infrastructure development. In addition, the Government of Botswana, and thereby its people, are one of De Beers’ shareholders, with a 15 percent direct stake in the ownership of our entire company.

Turning national resources into shared national assets requires more than just ownership of the assets. In our operations we face major challenges, which need constant focus.
We work primarily in southern Africa, where pre-natal health care is woefully lacking, where literacy rates are low, and where more than 46 million children are not in school. Three-quarters of the world’s AIDS deaths occur in southern Africa, and the prevalence of HIV/AIDS among staff and their families is a huge challenge to the sustainability of all businesses in the region. For this reason, De Beers was the first mining company in South Africa to offer free ART to HIV positive employees and spouses in 2001.

In the past year, more than 80 percent of our employees and their families have participated in the voluntary counselling and testing programs we offer. We are working with a number of local and international organizations to continue to manage the risk of infection and improve the quality of life for those living with HIV/AIDS in the communities where we operate.

Another way we confront Africa’s challenges is to invest in the further education and skills-training of our employees. Substantial amounts are allocated each year to training in engineering, geology, metallurgy and related areas. Our Women in Mining Program serves as a resource for women in technology disciplines to pursue additional training courses at the Da Vinci Institute of Technology in South Africa.

So to be a viable business in Africa, we need a healthy, educated, skilled and motivated work force, as well as good governance and stability. Thus, our ability to train and hire local citizens; provide proactive health care; encourage economic growth, diversification and skills-transfer; and preserve our working environment contributes to a more stable and prosperous state.

This, in turn, protects and maximizes our investment. To put it another way, our sustainability model, at its core, is driven by a belief that creating wealth and sharing it can be inextricably linked.Our commitment to sustainability doesn’t end with our mines.

And so I now want to turn to what we call “beneficiation” in the countries in which we work. In more familiar English, this means that we are helping to ensure that more of the value addition that occurs after a diamond is mined—activities like sorting, cutting and polishing — remains in-country.

The most spectacular example of this, of which we are particularly proud, is the opening in March 2008 of the DTC Botswana, an 83 million dollar state-of-the-art diamond sorting facility in Botswana’s capital – the most sophisticated facility of its type in the world and one that will bring more than 3,000 highly-skilled, well-paying jobs to Botswana, an in-sourcing which accounts for a 30 percent increase in diamond industry jobs in Botswana and a 10 percent increase in the country’s total number of manufacturing jobs.

Our investment in Botswana is bringing other businesses and jobs in downstream industries to the region. In fact, for every 1 job De Beers or its associate companies, such as Debswana or DTC Botswana create, another 5 are created in related industries like diamond cutting and polishing, as well as in financial, security, technology and logistics services.

And that has a lasting impact on the economy and the people of Botswana. To further encourage job growth, DTC Botswana offers customers additional supply of rough diamonds for factories they open. This is incentive for our customers to move their diamond-finishing operations – and the thousands of skilled jobs they create – to Africa. This year alone, DTC Botswana clients have opened 16 diamond cutting and polishing facilities in Botswana to meet the downstream demand created by our DTC facility.

We believe this facility represents the future—where national resources can fuel the growth of a strong middle and entrepreneurial class, which in turn becomes the new bedrock of national prosperity.

De Beers’ approach to sustainability is a good example of “Africa Working”: working to ensure that there are African employees at all levels of our company, including senior management; working to ensure revenues contribute to sustainable development, poverty reduction and good, stable, and transparent governance; and working to build a new class of ownership in Africa, where people have access to what you in the States call “the American Dream” – a good job, health care, a safe place to live and work, education for your children, security in retirement.

Well, that is the “African Dream” as well – and it is becoming true in more parts of our continent than you may realize.

The results of this ownership society are profound in the countries where it is taking root. They offer hope in those societies still struggling with the legacy of poor governance, war, disease and poverty. As the New York Times columnist Tom Friedman once wrote, “Nobody ever washed a rented car.” Ownership creates stable, prosperous societies. And that is what our sustainability model is helping to do.

We don’t claim to have all the answers, but we do have some insights. We are hopeful that by sharing what we have learned along the way, we might serve as a model for others seeking to do business in Africa - a model we can all build upon as the world community continues to debate how best to encourage sustainable economic development in Africa.

So, if I am to sum up my thoughts. I believe passionately that the private sector is not just helpful but is an essential ingredient, together with good governance and the rule of law, to the building of a prosperous Africa. But it’s not just doing business that will make the difference, but how you do business that is the key.

So we are have focused today on examples of Africa Working, on creative capitalism, on transformation and on value addition to natural resources.

This assessment leads to our 8 principal insights for the role of business in Africa:

1. Form strong partnerships with Government so you both learn what it takes to succeed for business and for the country as a whole

2. Commit to building a citizen-run organization, developing skills at the managerial level.

3. Help small citizen companies develop by outsourcing your supply chain.

4. Look to shift skilled value-adding jobs to Africa.

5. Play an active role in leading the fight against HIV/AIDS and in supporting education. It’s key to your business and your communities’ long-term success.

6. When it comes to climate change, energy conservation is necessary, of course, but focus on the impact of climate change on Africa – in our case, this is about water – or the lack of it – in our operating areas

7. Support international efforts to eliminate corruption and support good governance which will multiply the positive impact of business ten-fold.

8. Of course, to share the wealth in a sustainable manner, you have to first create it. But for business the “how” you create it can make a big difference when it comes to making it sustainable.
Thank you very much. I look forward to taking your questions.

Additional information provided about De Beers: Natural resources to shared national wealth
De Beers shares its business lessons for a strong Africa with address at leading US think-tank and publication of 2007 Report to Society.

The De Beers Family of Companies has this week articulated its role in the sustainable development of African communities with an address by Gareth Penny, Managing Director of the De Beers Group, to the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) in Washington DC, and the publication of the De Beers 2007 Report to Society.

In his address to the CFR, Mr Penny said that, while the challenges of operating on the African continent are considerable, “there’s another side to the story – one we call, ‘Africa Working’ – where Africans are not only lifting themselves out of poverty, but collectively lifting their nations to new levels of sustainable prosperity.”

Mr Penny highlighted eight insights from De Beers relating to how business operating in Africa could turn natural resources into shared national wealth.

• Form strong partnerships with Government so you both learn what it takes to succeed for business and for the country as a whole

• Commit to building a citizen-run organization, developing skills at the managerial level • Help small citizen companies develop by outsourcing your supply chain

• Look to shift skilled value-adding jobs to Africa

• Play an active role in leading the fight against HIV/AIDS and in supporting education. It’s key to your business and your communities’ long-term success

• Focus on the impact of climate change on Africa

• Support international efforts to eliminate corruption and support good governance, which will multiply the positive impact of business ten-fold

• To share the wealth in a sustainable manner, you have to first create it. But, for business, the “how” you create it can make a big difference when it comes to making it sustainable
Mr Penny went on to say, “the sort of joint company ownership De Beers has established in a number of African countries has the dual benefit of ensuring that African citizens have a strong stake in the development of their mining sectors and an understanding of the business fundamentals, while also helping the company to gain better insight into national goals and aspirations, important to the long-term success of our business.”

De Beers has also today published its 2007 Report to Society, reviewing the company’s economic, ethics, employee, community and environmental performance during 2007, and highlighting the diverse array of sustainable development activities that have been an integral part of the De Beers philosophy for many years. This Report addresses relevant and material issues identified by stakeholders including competition, black economic empowerment, conflict diamonds, HIV/AIDS, human rights, indigenous peoples, small-scale informal diamond mining and climate change.

The Report also documents the role De Beers believes the private sector can play in building a more prosperous Africa. As Nicky Oppenheimer, Chairman of De Beers, notes “the unique contribution that diamonds have made in countries like Botswana, South Africa and Namibia gives us cause to reflect on what lessons might be drawn from this success and whether these might be deployed elsewhere on the continent. We are confident we have a meaningful contribution to make to the ongoing discussion about the role of business in Africa’s development.”

Highlights from the 2007 Report include:

• Payments to partners, joint ventures and suppliers amounted to US$4.9 billion

• 100% of De Beers diamonds are conflict-free

• Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate improved to 0.18 and Lost Time Injury Severity Rate improved to 22.53

• De Beers social investment spend of US$19 million was disbursed to more than 750 different projects. This equates to 2% of pre-tax profit

• More than 185 000 hectares of owned and managed property has been set aside as nature reserves that conduct research on biodiversity

As Mr Penny noted in his speech, “we don’t claim to have all the answers, but we do have some insights. We are hopeful that, by sharing what we have learned along the way, we might serve as a model for others seeking to do business in Africa - a model we can all build upon as the world community continues to debate how best to encourage sustainable economic development in Africa.”

The Report can also be found online at the recently re-launched De Beers Group website.
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Today in History 16th June 1963

First woman in space

On June 16, 1963, aboard Vostok 6, Russian Valentina Tereshkova becomes the first woman to fly in space. From her capsule, the 26-year-old cosmonaut reported that all was going well to a Soviet television audience. After 48 orbits and 71 hours, she returned to Earth, having spent more time in space than all U.S. astronauts combined to that date. In November 1963, she captured the public's fancy by marrying another cosmonaut, Andrian Nikolayev. The world's first space couple performed a number of goodwill visits to other nations in later years. The United States did not send a woman into space until twenty years later.


Sunday, June 15, 2008

Perjury : The Butler Did It

Burrell to flog 'Di' diamonds


PRINCESS Diana’s self-styled “Rock” Paul Burrell will again profit from her memory – flogging gems on US shopping TV.

Money-grabbing Burrell, 50, will sell his range of “regal” and “princess-cut” diamond jewellery to viewers of ShopNBC later this week.

The ex-butler is bragging how he helped to design the flashy rocks, costing up to £1,700, based on Diana’s taste.

He told a friend: “Diana wore big formal pieces for royal events. But privately her taste was much more understated. She liked smaller diamonds and simple designs.

“My range will stay true to that and to her – understated but beautiful and eye-catching. I am told it will be very popular in America because of the interest in Diana.”

Florida-based Burrell has made £10million from his Diana books and “royal” furniture.

In live ads on Friday and Saturday, he is expected to charm viewers with Diana tales as he peddles his Effy Signature Range.

It includes an 18-carat gold ring with 33 “princess-cut diamonds” for £1,020.

A £1,275 chain and cross features 130 gems in 18-carat white and rose gold.

And an 18-carat tri-colour diamond flower ring costs £860.

In February 1981, the elusive Lady Diana Spencer was thrust into the spotlight after Prince Charles’ proposal, making her the soon-to-be wife of the heir to the British crown.
Diana choose an oval blue sapphire engagement ring that weighed in at an astounding 18 carats and was surrounded by 14 small diamonds in an elegant cluster setting
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At the Diana inquest in January, Burrell claimed the princess didn’t like the diamond and sapphire engagement ring given to her by Prince Charles. He said: “She felt it was a little too big and gaudy.”

Last month it was revealed he will not be prosecuted for perjury despite confessing he lied to the inquest .
See the jewellery here : Source: By EMILY SMITH US Editor Published: 09 Jun 2008

Additional Reading:

Paul Burrell: I lied to Di inquest.

Coroner accuses Paul Burrell, Diana's butler, of blindingly obvious deceit

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Today in History 15th June 1215

Magna Carta Sealed

Following a revolt by the English nobility against his rule, King John agrees to put his royal seal on the Magna Carta, or Great Charter. The document, essentially a peace treaty between John and his barons, guaranteed the nobles their feudal privileges and promised to maintain the nation's laws. The Magna Carta also called for fair and equal treatment of the nobles in legal cases, a major infringement on the king's traditional authority. Although King John soon revoked the Magna Carta, it is regarded as a groundbreaking political document that helped lay the foundation for modern democratic England.

Saturday, June 14, 2008

Diamonds Reveal Deep Source Of Platinum Deposits

Researchers studied platinum group elements (PGE) inclusions in about 20 diamonds collected near the Bushveld Complex in South Africa. The complex is vast, measuring hundreds of kilometers in length, and it is one of the few places in the world where PGEs are found in large enough quantities to be mined. The Bushveld Complex is also very old--geologists put its age at just over 2 billion years--and formed by crystallization of the Bushveld magmas in a massive crustal magma chamber. The researchers looked at the PGEs in the diamonds, sometimes analyzing grains as small as a few micrograms. They found that the isotopic signatures of the PGEs in the diamonds and Bushveld ore minerals match, showing the main source of Bushveld platinum to be mantle, not crust falling into the magma chamber as previously thought. (Credit: Zina Deretsky, National Science Foundation)

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Platinum group elements (PGEs), which include platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, osmium and iridium, are extremely rare in the Earth's crust. Platinum, the most abundant, is 30 times rarer than gold. Mined only in a few places in the world, these elements are becoming increasingly important in applications ranging from pollution control (they are key components of catalytic converters in automobiles) to microelectronics.

Previous isotopic studies of rocks from the Bushveld Complex had suggested that a significant fraction of the magma that formed the complex and deposited the ores came from shallow parts of the crust, despite the rarity of PGEs there compared to the Earth's mantle. "But the ore layers are extremely homogeneous over hundreds of kilometers," says Steven Shirey of the Carnegie Institution's Department of Terrestrial Magnetism. "The crust is very heterogeneous. That suggests a deeper source for the platinum."

To test this idea, Shirey and Stephen H. Richardson of the University of Cape Town studied minute mineral inclusions in about 20 diamonds mined from areas surrounding the Bushveld Complex. The diamonds formed at depths of 150-200 kilometers within the Earth's mantle. By measuring the ratios of certain isotopes of strontium, osmium, and neodymium in the mineral inclusions, the researchers were able to determine the isotopic "signatures" of the different regions of the mantle where the diamonds grew. They then compared these signatures with those of ore rocks in the Bushveld Complex.

Richardson and Shirey found that the isotopic signatures of the ores could be matched by varying mixtures of source rocks in the mantle beneath the continental crust. That these parts of the mantle were involved in producing the magmas is also suggested by seismic studies, which reveal anomalies beneath the complex. The anomalies were likely the result of magmas rising through these parts of the mantle.

"This helps explain the richness of these deposits," says Richardson. "The old subcontinental mantle has a higher PGE content than the crust and there is more of it for the Bushveld magmas to traverse and pick up the PGEs found in the ores."

The results of this study may be applicable to similar ore deposits elsewhere, such as the Stillwater Complex in Montana. "Knowing how these processes work can lead to better exploration models and strategies," says Shirey.

This work was supported by the Carnegie Institution for Science and the National Science Foundation.Adapted from materials provided by Carnegie Institution

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Today in History

14th June 1789 : Bounty survivors reach land

English Captain William Bligh and 18 others, cast adrift from the H.M.S. Bounty, reach Timor after traveling nearly 4,000 miles in a small, open boat. The Bounty was sailing from Tahiti when crew members mutinied. The unpopular captain and his supporters were set adrift, and only by remarkable seamanship did they survive a perilous seven-week journey. Meanwhile, the Bounty sailed back to Tahiti, and then on to unpopulated Pitcairn Island, where the mutineers and a group of Tahitians founded a colony. The colony suffered through a decade of turmoil, and most of the original men were killed. The Tahitian women had given birth to children, however, and Pitcairn's population soon reached a healthy level. Their descendants still live on the island today.

Friday, June 13, 2008

Task force to standardize diamond grading

June 12, 2008 Las Vegas
A group of gemological experts from around the world are putting their heads together to establish international technical standards for diamond grading.

The Accredited Gemologists Association (AGA) launched this initiative during a meeting held in late May at the Platinum Hotel and Spa in Las Vegas, during the JCK show.

Meeting attendees included laboratory leaders such as Don Palmieri from the Gem Certification and Assurance Laboratory (GCAL), Peter Yantzer from the American Gem Society, Lore Kiefert from the American Gem Trade Association and Nick Del Re and Branko Deljanin from the European Gemological Laboratory (EGL).

According to a news release, the formation of this task force is a response to consumer dissatisfaction with inconsistent grades and, specifically, a concern that procedures used to color-grade fluorescent diamonds result in misleading and inaccurate grades.

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An In-House Non Compliant Diamond Grading Laboratory

"...I am confused. What is a "compliant " lab? " :

Nikhil Jogia email to Diamond Imports

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As a starting point, meeting participants agreed on the formation of a Task Force on Lighting and Gemstone Grading, chaired by Chuck Bauer of Dazor Lighting.

The task force will include representatives from the University of Arizona, EGL/Canada, EGL/United States, Professional Gem Sciences Laboratory and the Pennsylvania Gemological Laboratory.

Palmieri and Michael Allchin of AnchorCert Diamond Certification in Birmingham, United Kingdom, will serve in an advisory capacity for this task force.

In addition, AnchorCert has agreed to draft protocol for round-robin testing and start the process with GCAL in New York.

Gemologist Antoinette Matlins, who chaired the May 30 meeting, said she was delighted with the results.

"I was optimistic that we'd put together a team that would make something happen but certainly did not expect such an immediate and positive response," she said. Source: National Jeweller

Additional Reading:

Inaccurate Diamond Grading Certificates

Manufacturers' Grading Reports

Non Compliant Diamond Grading Laboratories

International Diamond Council Diamond Grading Laboratories

GIA " Integrity " Versus DCLA Accuracy

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Today in History 13th June 1841

First Canadian Parliament opens in Ottawa.